Unit 1- Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

Define anatomy

Answer 1

the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

Question 2

Name and define the two major types of anatomic study

Answer 2

1. Microscopic Anatomy- examines the body structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye
2. Gross Anatomy- “macroscopic anatomy” that examines the structures and relationships of large body parts visible to the naked eye

Question 3

Name and define the subdivisions of microscopic anatomy

Answer 3

-cytology: study of single body cells and their internal structures

-histology: study of tissues examining how groups of specialized cells and their products function for a common purpose

Question 4

Name and define the subdivisions of gross anatomy

Answer 4

-developmental: examines changes in structure within an individual from conception to maturity

-embryology: examines developmental changes occurring prior to birth

-surface anatomy: examines both superficial anatomical body markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them

-systemic anatomy: investigates the gross anatomy of each organ system in the body

-regional anatomy: examines the relationships of all structures in a particular region of the body as one complete unit

Question 5

Cephalic

Answer 5

head

Question 6

Frontal

Answer 6

forehead

Question 7

Orbital

Answer 7

eyes

Question 8

Buccal

Answer 8

cheek

Question 9

Nasal

Answer 9

nose

Question 10

Oral

Answer 10

mouth

Question 11

Mental

Answer 11

chin

Question 12

Cervical

Answer 12

neck

Question 13

Sternal

Answer 13

sternum

Question 14

Pectoral

Answer 14

chest

Question 15

What makes up the thoracic cage?

Answer 15

sternal + pectoral

Question 16

Axillary

Answer 16

armpit

Question 17

Brachial

Answer 17

arm

Question 18

Antecubital

Answer 18

front of elbow

Question 19

Antebrachial

Answer 19

forearm

Question 20

Carpal

Answer 20

wrist

Question 21

Palmar

Answer 21

palm

Question 22

Digital

Answer 22

fingers and toes

Question 23

Abdominal

Answer 23

abdomen

Question 24

Pelvic

Answer 24

between the lumbar region of the abdomen superiorly and thighs inferiorly

Question 25

Inguinal

Answer 25

groin

Question 26

Pubic

Answer 26

genital

Question 27

Femoral

Answer 27

thigh

Question 28

Patellar

Answer 28

kneecap

Question 29

Crural

Answer 29

leg

Question 30

Tarsal

Answer 30

ankle

Question 31

Dorsum

Answer 31

top of foot or back of hand

Question 32

Occipital

Answer 32

back of head

Question 33

Auricular

Answer 33

ear

Question 34

Deltoid

Answer 34

shoulder

Question 35

Vertebral

Answer 35

spinal column

Question 36

Olecranal

Answer 36

elbow

Question 37

Lumbar

Answer 37

lower back

Question 38

Sacral

Answer 38

tailbone

Question 39

Coxal

Answer 39

hip

Question 40

Gluteal

Answer 40

buttock

Question 41

Perineal

Answer 41

between genitals and anus

Question 42

Popliteal

Answer 42

back of the knee

Question 43

Sural

Answer 43

calf

Question 44

Calcaneal

Answer 44

heel

Question 45

Plantar

Answer 45

sole of foot

Question 46

Anterior

Answer 46

front view

Question 47

Posterior

Answer 47

back view

Question 48

Superior

Answer 48

upper half of body

Question 49

Inferior

Answer 49

lower half of body

Question 50

Describe anatomical position (hint: 6 specific things)

Answer 50

-body erect -face/ eyes forward -upper limbs at side -palms forward -lower limbs parallel -feet/ toes forward

Question 51

Why is anatomical position important?

Answer 51

to have a reference point

Question 52

Prone

Answer 52

position of the body lying face down

Question 53

Supine

Answer 53

position of the body lying face up

Question 54

What are the two cadaver positions?

Answer 54

prone and supine

Question 55

Compare and contrast prone and supine positions

Answer 55

compare- cadaver positions, lying down contrast- prone is face done, supine is face up

Question 56

List the anatomical planes of section

Answer 56

- sagittal -median/ midsagittal -frontal/ coronal -transverse/ horizontal

Question 57

Define sagittal plane

Answer 57

any vertical plane cutting the body into left and right

Question 58

Define median/ midsagittal plane

Answer 58

a vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body dividing it into equal left and right halves

Question 59

Define frontal/ coronal plane

Answer 59

divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

Question 60

Define transverse/ horizontal plane

Answer 60

divides the body into superior and inferior positions

Question 61

Define bilateral

Answer 61

refers to both right and left sides

Question 62

Define unilateral

Answer 62

Occurring only on one side of the body

Question 63

Compare and contrast bilateral and unilateral

Answer 63

compare- refers to how many sides of the body it occurs on contrast- bilateral refers to occurring on both sides of the midline but unilateral refers to occurring on one side of the midline

Question 64

Define Ipsilateral

Answer 64

same side of the body (same side comparison)

Question 65

Define Contralateral

Answer 65

opposite sides of body (opposite side comparison)

Question 66

Compare and contrast ipsilateral and contralateral

Answer 66

compare- refers to which sides of the body it occurs on contrast- ipsilateral occurs on the same side of body while contralateral occurs on opposite sides of the body