Unit 11 (Modules 60-64)

Question 1

What defines the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations?

Module 60

Answer 1

intelligence

Question 2

According to Spearman and others, what underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test?

Module 60

Answer 2

general intelligence (g)

Question 3

What is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlies a person’s total score?

Module 60

Answer 3

factor analysis

Question 4

What psychologists identified 8 relatively independent intelligences and proposed existenial intelligence as a 9th possible intelligence?

Module 60

Answer 4

howard gardner

Question 5

What psychologist agreed with howard gardner and proposed the triarchic theory (analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence)?

Module 60

Answer 5

robert sternberg

Question 6

What did Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg both agree on?

Module 60

Answer 6

• multiple abilities can contribute to life success

Question 7

In psychology, what can be described as the passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals?

Module 60

Answer 7

grit

Question 8

What is the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions, called?

Module 60

Answer 8

emotional intelligence

Question 9

What method is used for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others using numerical scores?

Module 61

Answer 9

intelligence test

Question 10

What test is designed to assess what a person has learned?

Module 61

Answer 10

achievement test

Question 11

What is a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Alfred Binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age? Thus, a child who does as well as an average 8 year old is said to have a ________ of 8.

Module 61

Answer 11

mental age

Question 12

What is the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test?

Module 61

Answer 12

stanford-binet

Question 13

What is defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ = ma/ca x 100)? On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.

Module 61

Answer 13

intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 14

What, for children, is the most widely used intelligence test; they contain verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests?

Module 61

Answer 14

wechsler adult intelligence scale (wais)

Question 15

What is defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a protested group?

Module 61

Answer 15

standardization

Question 16

What is the bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes? Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extreme.

Module 61

Answer 16

normal curve

Question 17

What is the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, an alternative forms of the test, or on retesting?

Module 61

Answer 17

reliability

Question 18

What is the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to (see also content validity and predictive validity?

Module 61

Answer 18

validity

Question 19

What is the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest?

Module 61

Answer 19

content validity

Question 20

What is the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior (also called criterion related validity)?

Module 61

Answer 20

predictive validity

Question 21

What is a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period?

Module 62

Answer 21

cohort

Question 22

What is our accumalated knowledge and verbal skills called (tends to increase with age)?

Module 62

Answer 22

crystallized intelligence

Question 23

What tends to increase with age?

Module 62

Answer 23

crystallized intelligence

Question 24

What is our ability to reason speedily and abstractly called (tends to descrease with age, especially during late adulthood)?

Module 62

Answer 24

fluid intelligence

Question 25

What tends to decrease with age, especailly during late adulthood?

Module 62

Answer 25

fluid intelligence

Question 26

What kind of research compares people of different ages at the same point in time?

Module 62

Answer 26

cross-sectional study

Question 27

What kind of research follows and retests the same people over time?

Module 62

Answer 27

longitudinal study

Question 28

What condition is characterized by limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the demands of life (formerly referred to as mental retardation)?

Module 62

Answer 28

intellectual disability

Question 29

What condition is characterized as a mild to severe intellectual disability and is associated with physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21?

Module 62

Answer 29

down syndrome

Question 30

What is the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes called (traits of this may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied)?

Module 63

Answer 30

heritability

Question 31

What is a self conforming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype called?

Module 63

Answer 31

stereotype threat