Unit 9 (Modules 48-50)

Question 1

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age is called what?

Module 47

Answer 1

stranger anxiety

Question 2

What can be classified as an emotional tie another; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to their caregiver and showing distress on separation?

Module 47

Answer 2

attachment

Question 3

What experiment did Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow perform that was so famous?

Module 48

Answer 3

[the] Harlow monkey experiment

(Harry Harlow on Attachment)

Question 4

What was concluded with the Harlow monkey’s experiment?

Module 48

Answer 4

Human babies need tactile stimulation and nurturance

(was an experiment on attachment)

Question 5

An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development is called what?

Module 48

Answer 5

critical period

Question 6

The process by which certain animals form strong attachments during early life can be classified as what?

Module 48

Answer 6

imprinting

Question 7

What psychologist was responsible for the Strange Situation experiment?

Module 48

Answer 7

Mary Ainsworth

Question 8

What was the name of the following experiment?:

A procedure for studying child-caregiver attatchment; a child is placed in an unfamiliar environment while their caregiver leaves and then returns, and the child’s reactions are observed

Module 48

Answer 8

strange situation

Question 9

What attachment can be demonstrated by infants who comfortably explore environments in the presence of their caregiver, show only temporary distress when the caregiver leaves, and find comfort in the caregivers return?

Module 48

Answer 9

secure attachment

Question 10

What attachment can be demonstrated by infants who display either a clinging, anxious attachment or an avoidant that resists closeness?

Module 48

Answer 10

insecure attachment

Question 11

What can be described as a person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity?

Module 48

Answer 11

temperament

Question 12

What psychologist believed that securely attached children approach life with a sense of basic trust?

Module 48

Answer 12

Erik Erikson

Question 13

According to Erik Erikson, what can be described as a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers?

Module 48

Answer 13

basic trust

Question 14

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question, “who am I”, is caused by our what?

Module 48

Answer 14

self-concept

Question 15

Which one out of the four different kinds of parent styles can be described as coercive and having no communication between the child and parent/guardain (tons of rules with no communication)?

Module 48

Answer 15

authoritarian

Question 16

Which one out of the four different kinds of parenting styles can be described as a free for all between the child and parent/guardian (no rules)?

Module 48

Answer 16

permissive

Question 17

Which one out of the four different kinds of parenting styles can be described as uninvolved between the child and parent/guardian (neglectful)?

Module 48

Answer 17

negligent

Question 18

Which one out of the four different kinds of parenting styles can be described as confrontive but with open communication between the child and parent/guardian (rules with communication)?

Module 48

Answer 18

authoritative

Question 19

In psychology, the biologically influenced characteristics by which people define male and female can be classified as what?

Module 49

Answer 19

sex

Question 20

In psychology, the socially influence characteristics by which people define as boy, girl, man and woman is classifed as what?

Module 49

Answer 20

gender

Question 21

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally can be defined as what?

Module 49

Answer 21

aggression

Question 22

What can be classified as an act of aggression (physical or verbal) intended to harm a person’s relationship or social standing?

Module 49

Answer 22

relational aggression

Question 23

A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position, ought to behave is caused by what?

Module 49

Answer 23

role

Question 24

A set of expected behaviors, attitudes, and traits for males and for females is caused by what?

Module 49

Answer 24

gender role

Question 25

Our sense of being male, female or some combination of the two is caused by what?

Module 49

Answer 25

gender identity

Question 26

What theory focuses on the idea that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished?

Module 49

Answer 26

social learning theory

Question 27

The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role can be defined as what?

Module 49

Answer 27

gender typing

Question 28

When someone is displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological characteristics, they could be classified as someone who has..?

Module 49

Answer 28

androgyny

Question 29

What umbrella term is involved in describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth-designated sex?

Module 49

Answer 29

transgender