Unit 14 (Modules 78-80)

Question 1

What can be described as any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally?

Module 78

Answer 1

aggression

Question 2

What principle states that frustration–the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal–creates anger, which can generate aggression?

Module 78

Answer 2

frustration-aggression principle

Question 3

What is a culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations called?

Module 78

Answer 3

social script

Question 4

What phenomenon explains that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them?

Module 79

Answer 4

mere exposure effect

Question 5

What can be described as an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a romantic relationship?

Module 79

Answer 5

passionate love

Question 6

What can be described as the deep affectoinate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined?

Module 79

Answer 6

companionate love

Question 7

What defines a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it?

Module 79

Answer 7

equity

Question 8

What defines the act of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others?

Module 79

Answer 8

self-disclosure

Question 9

What can be described as an unselfish regard for the welfare of others?

Module 80

Answer 9

altruism

Question 10

What two social psychologists studied the Kitty Genovese case?

Module 80

Answer 10

• john darley
• bibb latane

Question 11

What social psychologist analyzed physical attractiveness through the face in his experiment?

Module 79

Answer 11

david perret

Question 12

What can be defined as the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if others bystanders are present?

Module 80

Answer 12

bystander effect

Question 13

What theory says that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs?

Module 80

Answer 13

social exchange theory

Question 14

What can be defined as an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them?

Module 80

Answer 14

reciprocity norm

Question 15

What can be defined as an expectation that people will help those needing their help?

Module 80

Answer 15

social-responsibility norm

Question 16

What defines a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals or ideas?

Module 80

Answer 16

conflict

Question 17

What do you call a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutuallly destructive behavior?

Module 80

Answer 17

social traps

Question 18

What do you call a belief that leads to its own fulfillment?

Module 80

Answer 18

self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 19

What can be defined as the mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side?

Module 80

Answer 19

mirror-image perceptions

Question 20

What can be defined as the shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation?

Module 80

Answer 20

superordinate goals

Question 21

What can be defined as graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension-reduction–a strategy designed to decrease informational tensions?

Module 80

Answer 21

GRIT