Unit 2.4: Encoding Memories Flashcards
(16 cards)
Encoding
The process and strategies we use to take in information and store it in long-term memory.
Visual Encoding
Encoding information based on visual elements (e.g., colors, fonts in a book).
Acoustic Encoding
Encoding information based on sound (e.g., using rhymes or auditory repetition).
Tactile Encoding
Encoding based on the sense of touch (e.g., remembering textures).
Organizational Encoding
Encoding by processing information in a structured sequence such as lists, groups, or relationships.
Elaborative Encoding
Encoding by linking new information to prior knowledge for deeper understanding.
Semantic Encoding
Encoding focused on meaning or context, leading to deep processing and strong memory retention.
Mnemonic Devices
Memory aids that help organize and recall information through acronyms, rhymes, imagery, or associations.
Method of Loci
A mnemonic device using familiar spatial locations paired with vivid imagery to enhance memory recall.
Chunking
Grouping pieces of information into larger, meaningful units for easier memory storage and retrieval.
Distributed Practice
Spacing out learning over time to improve encoding and long-term retention.
Spacing Effect
The finding that spaced study sessions lead to better memory than cramming all at once.
Testing Effect
The improvement in memory that results from self-testing during study sessions.
Serial Position Effect
Tendency to recall information at the beginning and end of a list better than information in the middle.
Primacy Effect
Better recall of the first items in a list due to more rehearsal and encoding into long-term memory.
Recency Effect
Better recall of the last items in a list because they are still fresh in working memory.
