Unit 3

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

Based on the 5 sense (hearing, smelling, touching, tasting, seeing)

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

How your brain understands the 5 senses.

Question 3

Cornea

Answer 3

Outer layer of the eye
- protects the eye

Question 4

Pupil

Answer 4

Dark black center of the eye
- Allow light into the eye

Question 5

Iris

Answer 5

Colored muscles around the pupil that expands/retracts allowing more or less light into the eye

Question 6

Lens

Answer 6

thin membrane that changes its shape to allow light to refract to the back of the eyeball

Question 7

Retina

Answer 7

Back surface of eye and it houses receptor cells.

Question 8

Fovea

Answer 8

Point of central focus

Question 9

Optic Nerve

Answer 9

Where info goes to the brain

Question 10

Blind Spot

Answer 10

Specifically where the nerve leaves to the brain meaning no receptor cells in that space.

Question 11

Short Wavelength

Answer 11

High frequency, blue color, high-pitched sound

Question 12

Long wavelength

Answer 12

Low frequency, red color, low pitch sound

Question 13

Great Amplitude

Answer 13

bright colors, loud sounds

Question 14

Small Amplitude

Answer 14

dull colors, soft sound

Question 15

Accommodation

Answer 15

process of your lenses changing shape

Question 16

Receptor Cells

Answer 16

Rods and Cones

Question 17

Rods

Answer 17

• Peripheral Retina
• Detect black, white, and gray
• twilight or low light
• movement

Question 18

Cones

Answer 18

• near center of retina
• fine detail + color vision
• daylight or well-lit condition

Question 19

Transduction

Answer 19

One type of energy getting turned into another type of energy

Question 20

Pinna

Answer 20

funnels sound into the auditory canal

Question 21

Eardrum

Answer 21

Vibrates from sound waves (process known as Transduction)

Question 22

Cochlea

Answer 22

Fluid filled sac that houses our receptor cells (hair cells), it vibrate and makes the fluid ripple, then the hair cells sway due to ripples.

Question 23

Auditory Nerve

Answer 23

sends the signal to the temporal lobe

Question 24

Place Theory

Answer 24

The way we recognize pitch is based on WHERE in the cochlea the hair cells activate.

Question 25

Frequency Theory

Answer 25

The way we recognize pitch is based on HOW the hair cells activate

Question 26

Conduction Hearing Loss

Answer 26

We loose hearing due to a mechanical part of the ear being damaged

Question 27

Nerve Hearing Loss

Answer 27

the receptor cells start to deteriorate (hair cells)

Question 28

Absolute Threshold

Answer 28

Minimum amount of stimulus needed in order to send something 50% for the time

Question 29

Difference Threshold

Answer 29

Minimum stimulus needed to notice the difference between 2 things 50% of the time.

Question 30

Weber's Law

Answer 30

When recognizing a difference there is a specific minimum percentage difference.

Question 31

Sensory Adaptation

Answer 31

Method of brain that helps make the stimuli make sense every day (body gets used to things)

Question 32

Touch

Answer 32

Skin Sensations - pressure (receptor cells) - temperature (nonspecific receptor cells) - pain (nonspecific receptor cells)

Question 33

Pain

Answer 33

tells us the body us hurt, we need to stop and fix our body.

Question 34

Gate-Control Theory

Answer 34

Because pain is from the brain we can control it.

Question 35

Taste

Answer 35

Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umani

Question 36

Sensory Interaction

Answer 36

- Different senses work together

Question 37

Body Position/Movement

Answer 37

Kinesthesis Vestibular Sense

Question 38

Kinesthesis

Answer 38

Tells us where are limbs are

Question 39

Vestibular Sense

Answer 39

Sense of balance and where the body is positioned.

Question 40

Monocular Cues

Answer 40

Only need one eye

Question 41

Relative Height

Answer 41

We perceive objects higher in our field of vision as further away

Question 42

Relative Size

Answer 42

If we assume two objects are similar in size, and one of those object seems larger, we perceive it to be closer

Question 43

Relative Clarity

Answer 43

The coarser an object looks the farther away it is

Question 44

Interposition

Answer 44

If one object partially blocks our view of another, we perceive it as closer

Question 45

Relative Motion

Answer 45

As we move, objects that are actually stable may appear to move

Question 46

Linear Perspective

Answer 46

Parallel lines appear to meet in the distance

Question 47

Light and Shadow

Answer 47

Shading produces a sense of depth consistent with our assumption that light comes from above. Dimmer objects appear farther away because they reflect less light.