Unit 7

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.

Question 2

Instinct/Evolutionary Theory

Answer 2

Information passed down in our DNA to help us survive (instincts)

Question 3

Achievement Motivation

Answer 3

Motivated to achieve a goal
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
- Overjustification Effect

Question 4

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 4

Doing it for yourself

Question 5

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 5

Motivation that is outside of yourself

Question 6

Overjustification Effect

Answer 6

When a person is intrinsically motivated to do something, they are then given an extrinsic motivation to do the same thing, they will often not do that thing.

Question 7

Self-Efficacy

Answer 7

How you see yourself

Question 8

Drive-Reduction Theory

Answer 8

Motivated to return to homeostasis (clark hull)

Question 9

Arousal Theory

Answer 9

We seek optimum levels of excitements

Question 10

The Yerkes-Dodson Curve

Answer 10

Unproductive - not enough stress
optimal production - best perfect amount of stress
unproductive - too much stress

Question 11

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 11

• Self-actualize: Best version of yourself
• Esteem
• Love/Belonging
• Safety
• Physiological
  We seek to become self actualized but in order to do so we must take care of our lower tier needs to do so.

Question 12

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 12

An unpleasant state of psychological tension occurs when 2 thoughts or perceptions are inconsistent, which typically results from the awareness that attitudes and behavior are in conflict. Motivating us to do something (Leon Festinger)

Question 13

Personality

Answer 13

A person’s pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

Question 14

Projective Test

Answer 14

have the patient express their personality unconsciously (HTP Test)

Question 15

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 15

give patients ambiguous pictures and have them express what they see.

Question 16

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Answer 16

A projective psychological test in which subjects’ perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a person’s personality characteristics and emotional functioning.

Question 17

Psychometric Test

Answer 17

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Question 18

MMPI

Answer 18

567 questions that test for inconsistencies and truth.

Question 19

Psychoanalytical Approach

Answer 19

Based on our unconscious (Sigmund Freud)

Question 20

Personality (Sigmund Freud)

Answer 20

• Conscious (Mask)
• Preconscious (true self only to be seen if looked within)
• Unconscious (Primal, Hidden, True Self)

Question 21

Psyche

Answer 21

Motivation and drive
- Id
- Superego
- Ego

Question 22

Id

Answer 22

• born with
• based on pleasure principle
• unconcerned about future, focuses on present gratification

Question 23

Superego

Answer 23

• Develops at age 5 (last to develop)
• Is your conscience, make you act nice

Question 24

Ego

Answer 24

• based on reality principle
• manages between Id and Superego extremes

Question 25

State of Psycho-Sexual-Development

Answer 25

- following states are from where we derive our sexual pleasure 1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phallic 4. Latent 5. Genital

Question 26

Oral

Answer 26

- from birth to age 1.5/2 - Derive sexual pleasure by breast feeding from our mothers - mouth region

Question 27

Fixation

Answer 27

Problem dealt with by an adult because as a child they didn't properly go through a stage

Question 28

Oral Fixation

Answer 28

Need for things around the mouth due to not being breast fed

Question 29

Anal

Answer 29

- Ages 3-4 - derive sexual pleasure by controlling their poop at the right times. - Butt region

Question 30

Anal Fixation

Answer 30

- Person is messy: couldn't control poop when younger - Person is uptight: couldn't relax enough to poop

Question 31

Phallic

Answer 31

- Age 5-7 - derive sexual pleasure from the penis - girls go through penis envy (the want of a penis) - guys experience Oedipus complex (want to sleep with mom)

Question 32

Karen Horney

Answer 32

- said girls go through the Eelectra complex (want to sleep with dad) - guys go through womb envy

Question 33

Phallic Fixation

Answer 33

Sexual deviants

Question 34

Latent

Answer 34

- Age 9-12 - Sexual desire fades, the child focuses on friendships and school activities - No fixations

Question 35

Genital

Answer 35

- Age 12+ - seek normal sexual pleasures - we begin to deal with our fixations

Question 36

Defense Mechanism

Answer 36

Tools of the ego that helps us cope with lives difficult problems - Repression - Denial - Displacement - Projection - Reaction Formation - Regression - Rationalization - Intellectualization - Sublmation

Question 37

Repression

Answer 37

Pushing traumatic thoughts into our unconscious (still affects us, not completely gone)

Question 38

Denial

Answer 38

Not accepting (dismissing) the ego-threatening truth

Question 39

Displacement

Answer 39

Redirecting one's feelings toward another person or object. Often displaced on less threatening things

Question 40

Projection

Answer 40

Believing that the feelings one has toward someone else are actually held by the other person and directed at oneself

Question 41

Reaction Formation

Answer 41

Expressing the opposite of how one truly feels

Question 42

Regression

Answer 42

Returning to an earlier comforting form of behavior

Question 43

Rationalization

Answer 43

Coming up with a beneficial results of an undesirable outcome

Question 44

Intellectualization

Answer 44

Undertaking an academic, unemotional study of a topic. A form of escapism.

Question 45

Sublimation

Answer 45

Channeling one's frustration toward a different goal