Unit 6

Question 1

Nature

Answer 1

Genetic or hormone-based behaviors

Question 2

Nurture

Answer 2

Environment and experience (the way their were raised)

Question 3

Parenting Styles (Diana Baumrind)

Answer 3

• Permissive
• Authoritative
• Authoritarian
• Uninvolved

Question 4

Permissive

Answer 4

Low Demanding
High Responsiveness

Question 5

Authoritative

Answer 5

High Demandingness
High Responsiveness

Question 6

Authoritarian

Answer 6

High Demandingness
Low Responsiveness

Question 7

Uninvolved

Answer 7

Low Demandingness
Low Responsiveness

Question 8

Harry Harlow

Answer 8

• Attachment
• separated monkeys to judge attachment to mother figure (cruel)

Question 9

Mary Ainsworth

Answer 9

• Measured security of attachment in 1-2-year-olds.
  3 Attachment Types
• Secure Attachment
• Ambivalent Attachment
• Avoidant

Question 10

Secure Attachment

Answer 10

Distress when mom leaves, avoid strangers when no mom present, happy to see mom when she returns (most cases)

Question 11

Ambivalent Attachment

Answer 11

Significant distress when mom leaves, fear of the stranger without mom, wants mom but rejects contact (mad).

Question 12

Avoidant

Answer 12

No interest when mom leaves, happy with strangers, ignore mom when she returns.

Question 13

Konrad Lorenz

Answer 13

Imprinting (the first thing they see they become attached)

Question 14

Jean Piaget

Answer 14

Discontinuity State Model (Cognitive Development Theory)
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational

Question 15

Sensorimotor

Answer 15

Birth to 2
- child does not think
- Object Permanence
- Schema

Question 16

Object Permanence

Answer 16

Ability to recognize things you don’t see still exists

Question 17

Schema

Answer 17

broad concept (children just now put it together)

Question 18

Preoperational

Answer 18

2-7 Years of age
- Sense of Self
- Egocentrism
- Theory of Mind
- Animistic Theory
- Centration
- Conservation

Question 19

Sense of Self

Answer 19

Ability to recognize that you are a person

Question 20

Egocentrism

Answer 20

Inability to see from another person’s POV

Question 21

Theory of Mind

Answer 21

Ability to recognize others have thoughts, feelings, and emotions too.

Question 22

Animistic Thinking

Answer 22

Believing everything has thoughts, feelings, and emotions

Question 23

Centration

Answer 23

Ability to solve problems but only from one angle.

Question 24

Conservation

Answer 24

Determine that a certain quantity will remain the same despite adjustment of the container, shape, or apparent size.

Question 25

Concrete Operational

Answer 25

7-12 Years - children struggle with abstract concepts - good with logic

Question 26

Formal Operational

Answer 26

12+ years - thinks logically and abstractly

Question 27

Lev Vygotsky

Answer 27

- Jean Piaget was wrong - Babies do think - children develop cognitively faster that previously thought

Question 28

Zygotes

Answer 28

Fertilized egg, divides into 2 cells

Question 29

Teratogens

Answer 29

Factors that contribute to birth defects (alcohol, tobacco, pollutants, HIV, Maternal Diseases)

Question 30

Rooting Reflex

Answer 30

Auto, unlearned response of a newborn to a gentle stimulus applied to the corner of mouth or cheek, in which the infant turns his or her head and makes sucking motions.

Question 31

Fetal

Answer 31

Next step after embryo

Question 32

Embryo

Answer 32

Mass of cells

Question 33

Moral Development

Answer 33

As we grow how does our right vs wrong belief change and why

Question 34

Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer 34

Heinz Dilemma

Question 35

Heinz Dilemma

Answer 35

Made up story about a man whose wife is sick, a drug can help but he can't afford it, no matter what, should he steal it? - Preconventional - Conventional - Post Conventional

Question 36

Preconventional

Answer 36

Stage 1 - Obedience and Punishment Orientation Stage 2 - Individualism and Exchange

Question 37

Obedience and Punishment Orientation

Answer 37

Kid is good to avoid punishment, if punished they did wrong (egocentrism) (no steal drug)

Question 38

Individualism and Exchange

Answer 38

- child realizes not 1 way to live given by the authority. Different people have different POVs. - do for me, ill do for you

Question 39

Conventional Level

Answer 39

Stage 3 - Good interpersonal relationships Stage 4 - Maintaining Social Order

Question 40

Good Interpersonal Relationships

Answer 40

child is good to be seen as good (approval from others) (middle school)

Question 41

Maintaining Social Order

Answer 41

child becomes aware of societies wide rules and laws to avoid guilt.

Question 42

Post Conventional Level

Answer 42

Stage 5 - Social Contract and Individual Rights Stage 6 - Universal Principles

Question 43

Social Contract and Individual

Answer 43

Laws exists for other people but can also work against them at times (all situational)

Question 44

Universal Principles

Answer 44

Own set of moral guidelines that might not fit the law.

Question 45

Carol Gilligan

Answer 45

- Kohlberg's test was based on men not women - Women are more empathetic faster than men.

Question 46

Erik Erikson

Answer 46

- Neo-Freudian, not just children - Crisis S1 - Trust vs. Mistrust S2 - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt S3 - Initiative vs. Guilt S4 - Industry vs. Inferiority S5 - Identity vs. Confusion S6 - Intimacy vs Isolation S7 - Generativity vs. Stagnation S8 - Integrity vs Despair

Question 47

Trust vs. Mistrust

Answer 47

1st relationship (can we build trust, are our needs met?)

Question 48

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Answer 48

Learning to do things themself (learning to be independent)

Question 49

Initiative vs. Guilt

Answer 49

Learn to be out alone (pre-school), can I make friends?

Question 50

Industry vs. Inferiority

Answer 50

"Am I smart or dumb compared to others" (school age)

Question 51

Identity vs. Confusion

Answer 51

try to figure out who they are and their impact (Adolescent)

Question 52

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Answer 52

Can make lasting relationships (Young Adult)

Question 53

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Answer 53

Questions impact on the world (Mid-life crisis)

Question 54

Integrity vs. Despair

Answer 54

Last part of life (regrets? goals?)

Question 55

Albert Bandura

Answer 55

learn through observation (Mental state affects learning)