Unit 3- Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What are the main components of mitochondrial structure?

Answer 1

Outer membrane, inner membrane, intermembrane space, matrix, cristae, cytoplasm

The outer membrane is the barrier between the mitochondrion and cytoplasm, while the inner membrane is folded into cristae to increase surface area for reactions.

Question 2

What are the two main pathways of cellular respiration?

Answer 2

Aerobic and anaerobic pathways

Aerobic pathways require oxygen, while anaerobic pathways do not.

Question 3

What are the key reactions and their locations in aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Glycolysis (cytoplasm), Krebs Cycle (mitochondrial matrix), Electron Transport Chain (inner mitochondrial membrane)

Each reaction has specific reactants and products contributing to ATP production.

Question 4

What is the full balanced equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

This equation summarizes the overall process of converting glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Question 5

What follows glycolysis in anaerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 5

Fermentation in the cytoplasm

Fermentation can occur as either alcohol fermentation or lactic acid fermentation depending on the organism.

Question 6

During what type of exercise do skeletal muscle cells primarily use the aerobic pathway?

Answer 6

Rest or endurance-based exercise

The aerobic pathway is more efficient for long-duration activities.

Question 7

During what type of exercise do skeletal muscle cells primarily use the anaerobic pathway?

Answer 7

Higher intensity activity/exercise

The anaerobic pathway produces energy quickly but less efficiently.

Question 8

How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration compare?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy, while cellular respiration converts chemical energy into usable energy

These processes are interconnected, with the products of one serving as the reactants for the other.

Question 9

How do heterotrophs rely on autotrophs?

Answer 9

Heterotrophs consume autotrophs for energy and nutrients

Autotrophs produce organic molecules through photosynthesis, which are then used by heterotrophs.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Energy gets from the sun → organic molecules → _______.

Answer 10

cellular energy

This process involves photosynthesis and cellular respiration to convert solar energy into a usable form.

Question 11

What happens in glycolysis?