Unit 3: Land Based Empires

Question 1

Which land based empires became prominent during the 1450-1750 century through gunpowder technologies? (7.1)

Answer 1

Manchu (China)

Mughal (South and Central Asia)

Ottoman (Turkey, Middle East, and North Africa)

Safavids (Middle East)

Question 2

How did land empires legitimize and consolidate their power? (3.2)

Answer 2

1. Bureaucracies: Devshirme system (enslaved Christian boys!) + janissaries
2. Religion, art, and architecture: Divine Right of Kings, Kangxi portraits
3. Tribute collection and tax farming

Question 3

Which religions became prominent or endured during the 1450-1750? (3.3)

Answer 3

1. Christianity: Catholic Church splits after Protestant Reformation in Europe (1517)
2. Islam: Shia Safavids and Sunni Ottoman
3. Hindu: Bhakti Movement (mystical Hindu) and Sikhism (Hindu + Islam)