Unit 5 CED style Flashcards
Para Max (10 cards)
Environmental factors contributing to industrialization (7.3)
WARCLUB:
-Waterways (send shit/factory power)
-Agricultural efficiency (more people now and less needed on farms)
-Resources (coal for fuel, iron infrastructure)
-Capital (bank off slave trade: capitalists invest in businesses)
-Legally protected property (less risk, more businesses)
-Urbanization (farmers pu for available labor)
-Buy from foreigners (raw materials/slave trade capital)
Factories produce with big ahh machines in one spot (too big for home): powered by nearby rivers
Unskilled usage: specialize (workers replaceable)
Enlightenment causing revolutions and reform in society (5.1)
- Scientific rev. before: think for yourself senza outside authority, move on from religious structure
- Individualism (develop your talent – want rights) and natural rights (gov. can’t take them: if they do, revolt! (social contract))
- Nationalism from breaking these old loyalties: want to govern selves!
Causes feminist/suffrage movements (de Gouge & Stanton copy DOROM & DOI Enlightened ideals)
Causes abolition (no natural rights/liberty)
Causes end of serfdom (no natural rights/liberty)
Causes of revolutions (and then the revolutions: violent & less violent) (5.2)
- US Rev. cuz national identity (salutary neglect): DOI is Enlightened, blueprint for the rest
- French Rev. (come home from US with ideals), revolt when taxed like US: DOROM Enlightened
- Haitian slave rev. makes republic (inspired by US), redistributes land w/equality!
- Latin A revs because PENINSULAR WAR makes Spain/Portugal unstable and Simon Bolivar Letter from Jamaica (want pop. sovereignty –> repubs from oppressed Creoles)
- Propaganda Movement: Enlightened in EU, come home & publish (kick out Spanish)
- Italy & Germany unify w/nationalism
Modes/locations of production change (5.4)
- Steampower: move stuff with ships, don’t have to be only at river now
- M.E. & Asia falling off: shipbuilding controlled by GB, textiles can’t compete (not fast enough & tariffed)
- Spreads to south EU: mid cuz less coal & water & nobility not wanting to lose powah - mid
- Spreads to US: immigrant labor, resources, stable - fast
- Spread to France after war (Quentin Canal to get iron & coal) - ok
- Spread to Russia: brutally implemented (state-sponsored) but railroad! - mid
- Spread to Japan: Meiji to get west tech to avoid being pounded - fast
Technology affects production/2nd IR in 1850s (5.5)
- Coal & oil (combustion): more energy, trade (steamships/trains, cars, engines)
- Bessemer Process to make better/cheap iron (steel): infrastructure++;
- Chemical engineering: fast textile-making w/synthetic dyes (cheap) and vulcanizing rubber for factory belts/tires
- Electricity: lightbulbs, electric trains/cars
- Telegraph for bussy info quick/deals made
- Railroads for migration (can live not on coast, or move to city for work)
Economic strategies (state sponsored) (5.6)
- State-sponsored: Egypt gets textile factories/shipbuilding and secularize farmland to break away from Ottomans – GB ruins it because don’t want comp and they took Suez: dumping
- Meiji too: Perry threatens to pound them like China - samurai put back emperor
Got rid of feudalism, copied Prussian army/monarchy (got ideas from emissaries in EU), built infra/factories
Development of economic systems and causing change (5.7)
- Free-market from Adam Smith over mercantilism: better for industrialization
- Transnational corporations with less liability (LLC) and public for shareholders
Transnational=more markets
HSBC for financing ventures in Asia from GB (like opium)
Unilever has factories everywhere: makes soap, operates in Africa (Congo) - Change: standard of living higher for some, products more available so cheaper
Also farming better so more food
Middle class uses disposable income on cheap goods (Escape from factory work)
Causes & effects of calls for changes (5.8)
- Shit working conditions: unions to bargain (made legal)
- Political parties pander to middle class w/social reform that can vote now (no prop. req. in GB)
- Social events because working life is terrible
- Compulsory education to get kids out of mines (prepare for specialized tech jobs)
- Sanitation innovation: sewers to dump into river (still bad) – so crowded
Causes & effects of calls for changes abroad/new economic ideas (7.8) (not 7.8 idk what though)
- Class division: marxism, eventually classless (soc) and then stateless (comm)
- Self-Strengthening in China after Opium Wars (everyone coming for them) - modernized CSE and military
- Tanzimat in Ottoman to secularize to get business up/unify (and better military), was losing land, western law codes & factories
- Young Ottomans after this: want less absolutism, get parliament/const. but Sultan runs it back: nationalist groups rise later (YT[N])
Industrialization causing change in social hierarchies & standard of living (5.9)
- Working class (farmers turned factory workers, disposable and dumb, mid conditions)
- Middle class (white collar) can buy goods
- Industrialists own corporations and are the new aristocracy
- Women/kids have to supplement income in working class, middle class don’t need to and do domesticity instead
- Urbanization: pollution from coal, shit rivers, housing shortages (mid tenements cuz not ready, no vent.), crime from poor people (drunk: violent)
