Unit 7: Global Conflict

Question 1

Which empires collapsed/changed politically and why during the beginning of the 20th century? (7.1)

Answer 1

Ottoman (Young Turks want to modernize, Tanzimat Modernization reform fails)

Russia (Revolution in 1905 and Revolution led by Lenin)

Qing China (Taiping and Boxer Rebellions, defeats in Sino-Japanese War and Opium Wars)

Mexico (Mexican Revolution and civil war results with a new country and new constitution)

Question 2

What were the causes of World War 1? (7.2)

MAIN

Answer 2

Militarism: large military prove strength and protect interests

Alliances: Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary) and Triple Entente (Britain, France, and Russia)

Imperialism

Nationalism

Question 3

How was World War 1 fought? (7.3)

Answer 3

1. Total War
2. Propaganda, art, media, and nationalism in both mother countries and colonies
3. New war technologies: machine guns, chemical gas, tanks, and trench warfare

Question 4

How did governments react to economic issues during and after World War 1? (7.4)

Answer 4

Germany: debt causes hyperinflation, causing colonies to also crumble; borrows from USA in 1924 to heal

Soviet Union: NEP (New Economic Plan) from Lenin allows for some free trade; Five Year Plan from Stalin fails with famine

USA: Great Depression leads to Roosevelt’s New Deal (more employment and insurance)

Question 5

How did continuities and changes in territorial holdings create tensions after World War 1? (7.5)

Answer 5

1. League of Nations: utilize Mandate System; many Middle Eastern states were now under of LON leadership and considered Class C - A (least developed to most developed)
2. Imperial Japan: takes land in China, Russia, Philippines, and Korea
3. India: Indian National Congress advocates for no more British rule and either one (supported by Gandhi) or two (Muslims and Hindu); fails
4. Africa: also tries to become free but fails (African National Congress)

Question 6

What were the causes of World War 2? (7.6)

Answer 6

1. Unstable treaties: Treaty of Versailles (cooked Germany) fails
2. Global economic crisis: Germany is cooked and Great Depression in USA
3. Imperialism: Japan!
4. Fascist Regime: Nazi Germany and Hitler

Question 7

How was World War 2 fought? (7.7)

Answer 7

1. Total War
2. Ideologies like fascism and communism
3. Propaganda
4. Military technology: atomic bomb!

Question 8

What were some mass atrocities during the 20th century? (7.8)

Answer 8

1. Holocaust: Hitler’s purification of Germany
2. Armenian Genocide: Young Turks kill Armenian Christians
3. Cambodian Genocide, Tutsi people in Rwanda, and Ukrainians in Soviet Union (Holodomor)