Unit 5: Revolutions Flashcards
(8 cards)
How did the Enlightenment inspire reform and revolutions during the 18th century? (5.1 and 5.2)
- Individualism, natural rights and self-advocacy and challenging old assumptions (anti-absolute and religion w/empiricism)
- Nationalism: American Revolution (Common Sense by Thomas Paine), French Revolution, Haitain Revolution (Haitain Consitution) and Latin American (Letter from Jamaica by Simón Bolivar)
- Women’s suffrage and abolition of slavery use Enlightenment ideals of previous docs (DOI, DOS, DOROM)
What factors caused the Industrial Revolution? (5.3)
(trust me you need all 7+ extra)
WARCLUB
WARCLUB:
-Waterways (send shit/factory power)
-Agricultural efficiency (more people now and less needed on farms)
-Resources (coal for fuel, iron infrastructure)
-Capital (bank off slave trade: capitalists invest in businesses)
-Legally protected property (less risk, more businesses)
-Urbanization (farmers pu for available labor)
-Buy from foreigners (raw materials/slave trade capital)
Factories produce with big ahh machines in one spot (too big for home): powered by nearby rivers
Unskilled usage: specialize (workers replaceable)
How did industrialization occur in and affect different parts of the world during 1750-1900? (5.4)
- Great Britain and USA: quickly industrailize
- Russia: terrible working conditions but Trans-Siberian railroad
- Japan: Meiji Restoration; defensive modernization to protect country from outsiders
- India and Middle East: suffer as textiles are made in England now; China: in conflict with West and fails to industrialize
How did technology shape economic production during the period from 1750 to 1900? (5.5)
- Coal steam engines: no need for moving water as energy source and are put on boats
- Combustion Engine: create cars
- Electricity: telegraph and lightbulb
- Bessemer Process: steel for ships and bridges
How did Industrial Revolution affect governments during 1750-1900? (5.6)
- Egypt: Muhammad Ali tries to self-industrialize cotton + textile industry but Great Britain disapproves
- Japan: Meiji Restoration (Samurai want to westernization and avoid foreign powers taking over)
How did the development of economic systems contribute to change during 1750-1900? (5.7)
LML
- Laissez-faire: opposite of mercantislism and anti-government in trade from Adam Smith
- Middle class is concieved as standard of living increases
- Large scale international trade
What changes occured in industrial states due to sub-optimal conditions for the working class? (5.8)
RUCN
- Labor, education and urban reforms
- Labor unions to improve working class
- New power structures from Karl Marx; communism and socialism
- National reforms: Ottoman (Tanzimat Reforms) and Qing (self-strengthening movement)
How did industrialization cause change in existing social hierarchies and standards of living? (5.9)
- Middle class: men worked while women stayed at home; focused on childbearing
- Working class: men, women, and children all worked
- Pollution, housing shortages, and crime
