Unit 3 - The PNS

Question 1

Sensory neurons

Answer 1

Carries info to CNS

Question 2

Motor neurons

Answer 2

Carries info from the CNS, to muscles

Question 3

Mixed neuron

Answer 3

Carrying both sensory and motor information

Question 4

How many nerves make up the cranial nerves

Answer 4

12 nerves

Question 5

Cranial nerve I

Answer 5

Olfactory nerve is a sensory nerve involved in smell

Question 6

Cranial nerve II

Answer 6

Optic nerve, sensory involved in vision

Question 7

Cranial nerve III

Answer 7

Oculomotor nerve is a motor nerve involved in movement of eye and constriction of pupil

Question 8

Cranial nerve IV

Answer 8

Trochlear nerve that moves eye (controls extra-ocular muscles around eye)

Question 9

Cranial nerve V

Answer 9

Trigeminal nerve is a mixed nerve (sensory and motor)

• controls jaw
• sends sensory info from eye and forehead
• controls chewing

Question 10

Cranial nerve VI

Answer 10

Abducens nerve is a motor nerve that moves the eyes (around eye muscles)

Question 11

Cranial nerve VII

Answer 11

Facial nerve, mixed

Muscle of facial expression and glands for tears and salivation, and 2/3 of tongue

Question 12

Cranial nerve VII

Answer 12

Vestibulocochlear nerve is a sensory nerve involved in hearing and equilibrium

Question 13

Cranial nerve IX

Answer 13

Glossooharyngeal nerve, mixed. Swallowing and salivary glands and other 1/3 of tongue

Question 14

Cranial nerve X

Answer 14

Vagus, mixed, functions of thoracic and abdominal organs. Some sensory stimuli for eardrum and internal organs

Question 15

Cranial nerve XI

Answer 15

Spinal accessory nerve , motor, trapezius muscles of back and neck

Question 16

Cranial nerve XII

Answer 16

Hypoglossal nerve motor, controls tongue muscles

Question 17

Spinal nerves

Answer 17

There are 31 and they are all mixed (sensory and motor nerves)

Question 18

Five main categories of spinal nerves

Answer 18

• Cervical nerves (8 pairs)
• Thoracic nerves (12 pairs)
• Lumbar nerves (5 pairs)
• sacral nerves (5 pairs)
• Coccygeal nerves (1 pair)

Question 19

Cervical plexus

Answer 19

C1-C5

Contains phrenic nerve and supplies diaphragm muscle for breathing

Question 20

Brachial nerve

Answer 20

C5-T1

• axillary (shoulder)
• Musculocutaneous (anterior arm)
• Radial (posterior arm)
• median (forearm flexor)
• Ulnar (forearm and most of hand)

Question 21

Lumbar plexus

Answer 21

L1-L4

Femoral- anterior leg muscle
Obturator- medial thigh muscle

Question 22

Sacral plexus

Answer 22

L4-S4

• sciatic nerve, sacrial plexus and muscles and skin on posterior of leg (end of lumbar)

Question 23

Acetylcholine

Answer 23

Neurotransmitter:

• excitatory and depolarizing neurotransmitter
• resting and digesting
• Parasympathetic

Question 24

Norepinephrine

Answer 24

Neurotransmitter

• excitatory or inhibitory
• flight or fight
• heart rate, pupil dilation and blood pressure
• sympathetic

Question 25

Epinephrine

Answer 25

Neurotransmitter - adrenaline (from adrenal gland) - strong emotions like fear or anger - reaction is also fight or flight

Question 26

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 26

Cognitive decision to move

Question 27

Premotor cortex

Answer 27

Organizes the movement

Question 28

Primary motor cortex

Answer 28

Directs the muscle to movements

Question 29

Basal nuclei

Answer 29

Fine tune movements and posture

Question 30

Cerebellum

Answer 30

Learning specialized movements that become automatic

Question 31

Lateral corticospinal tract

Answer 31

Muscle tone and skilled hand movements

Question 32

Anterior corticospinal tract

Answer 32

Muscle tone and trunk movements

Question 33

Vestibulospinal tracts

Answer 33

Balance and posture

Question 34

Tectospinal tracts

Answer 34

Reflexive head turning in response to visual and auditory stimuli

Question 35

Receptor

Answer 35

Detects the stimuli

Question 36

Sensory neuron

Answer 36

Sends information to the CNS

Question 37

Integration center

Answer 37

Within the CNS

Question 38

Motor neuron

Answer 38

Carries info to the effector

Question 39

Effector

Answer 39

Muscle or gland