Unit 4 Dermatology Flashcards
(59 cards)
1
Q
stasis dermatitis
A
- location: lower leg
- etiology: lower extremity edema
2
Q
seborrheic dermatitis
A
- location: scalp
- etiology: malassezia furfur
3
Q
atopic dermatitis
A
- location: flexor surfaces
- etiology: filaggrin
- associated with asthma and allergic rhinits
4
Q
psoriasis
A
- location: extensor surfaces, may include arthritis
- may be associated with inc. risk of cardiovascular disease
5
Q
irritant dermatitis
A
-etiology: common irritants
6
Q
allergic contact dermatitis
A
- etiology: common allergens
- delayed hypersensitivity reaction type 4
- dx confirmed with patch testing
7
Q
ABCDEs
A
A-asymmetry B-border irregularity C-color variation D-diameter >6mm E-evolution
8
Q
keratoacanthoma
A
-subtype of squamous cell cancer
9
Q
Langerhans Cells
A
skin cell critical to antigen processing and presentation to lymphocytes in epidermis
10
Q
fibroblast
A
skin cell responsible for producing collagen
11
Q
pruritis
A
- itch
- specialzed skin receptors: meissners corpuscles
- many triggers
- caused by nerve endings
12
Q
darker skin color is due to:
A
differences in packaging and distribution of melanin
13
Q
pacinian corpusles
A
- responsible for sensation of fine touch
- onion structure
- located in dermis only
- involved in pressure and vibration
- on genitals
14
Q
meissners corpusles
A
- pine cone structure
- involved in fine touch
- dermal epidermal junction
- skin receptor
- on finger tips
15
Q
eccrine glands
A
- odorless, watery sweat
- VITAL to thermal regulation
- present on lips, palms, soles, forehead
- acquired disorder: miliaria- blocked sweat ducts
- congenital: anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia- mutation in EDA gene, poor temp regulation
- watery sweat
16
Q
apocine glands
A
- primarily located in axilla
- outgrowths of the upper bulge of PEG
- not functional until puberty
- ex. breast feeding
- sticky sweat
17
Q
sebaceous glands
A
- exemplify holocrine gland secretion
- lubricate thick, terminal hairs
- cause acne
18
Q
leukocytoclastic vascultitis
A
immune complex mediated
19
Q
Bowen’s Disease
A
- squamous cell carcinoma
- linked to HPV infection
20
Q
melassezia furfur
A
-associated with: tinea versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis
21
Q
hemidesmosome
A
- attach dermis to epidermis
- in basement membrane zone
22
Q
desomsomes
A
- cell adhesion between keratinocytes in stratum spinosum
23
Q
Layers of Epidermis
A
surface- stratified squamous
- stratum corneum (filagrin connects this layer to other layers)
- stratum lucidum- on hands and feet only
- stratum granulosum- fillagrin cross links keratin filaments and is important in barrier functinon of skin
- stratum spinosum- keratinocytes
- stratum basalis- melanocytes and stem cells (skin color), desmosomes here
- 1 melanocyte: 10 keratinocytes
- 1 melanocyte can provide color to ~30 keratinocytes
- californians like girls (in) string bikinis
24
Q
Dermis
A
- papillary
- reticular
- ground structures (assist with perfusion)
- collagen
- elastin
- blood vessels and nerves present
- also blood, nerves, adnexal structures
25
Fitzpatrick Skin Types
I. Never tans, always burns, freckles
II. Tans with difficulty, usually burns, freckles
III. Average tanning, sometimes burns, freckles
IV. Easily tans, rarely burns
V. Very easy to tan, very rarely burns
VI. Never burns
26
Melanin Types
- eumelanin- black to brown pigment
| - pheomelanin- yellow to red-brown pigment
27
Skin Pigmentation Differences
Light Skin: melanosomes smaller and distributed in clusters above the nucleus in the keratinocyte
Dark Skin: melanosomes larger and distributed individually
throughout the cytoplasm of the keratinocyte
28
Flat Morphologies
- macule (<1 cm)
| - patch
29
Raised Smooth Morphology
- papule (<1cm)
- plaque
- cyst
- nodule (1-2cm)
30
Fluid Filled Morphology
- vessicle (1 cm)
| - pustule (pus)
31
eschar
crust
32
Tzanck Prep
test for herpes
33
Solar Elastosis
- acquired elastic disorder
| - indicates tissue from older person in sun exposed site
34
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
- congenital elastic disorder
- caused by mutation in MDR gene
- "plucked chicken skin"
35
acquired disease of ground structure
-cosmetic filler agent
36
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
-congenital disorder of collagen
37
scurvy
-acquired disorder of collagen
38
disorders of capillary loops
- psoriasis
| - verruca
39
vasculitis
- inflamed blood vessels
| - type 3 immune reaction
40
adnexal structures in dermis
- hair follicle
- eccrine gland- sweat
- apocrine
- apoeccrine
- sebaceous- oil
41
Hair Cycles
- anagen- growing (3 yrs)
- catagen- involution (3 weeks)
- telogen- resting hair (3 months)
42
Anagen Effluvium
-loss of growing hair
43
telgen effluvium
-hairs go into resting cycle
44
acquired disorders of sweating
- heat shock
| - "antipersperant"
45
apoecrine gland
- hybrid sweat gland
| - 10x as much sweat as eccrine gland
46
actinic keratosis
- most common precancer in US
| - turns in SQUAMOUS and basal cell cancers
47
benign vascular skin tumors
- cherry angioma
| - hemangioma
48
benign vascular malformation (endothelial cells)
-port wine stain
49
benign sebaceous gland tumors
- sebaceous hyperplasia
| - nevus sebaceous
50
beingn fibroblast tumors
- dermatofibroma
| - keloid scars
51
benign keratinocyte tumor
-seborrheic keratosis (barnacles of life)
52
benign tumor of melanocyte
nevus
53
peptides involved in innate immunity of skin
- alpha defensins
- beta defensins
- cathelicidin
- psoriasin
- RNase7
54
veruca
- means wart
| - caused by HPV
55
KOH test
-detects fungus
56
aspergillis
lung infection fungus
57
powder + grease =
-protective pastes
58
grease + liquid =
- ointments
- creams
- lotions
59
powder + liquid =
- drying pastes
- gels
- shake suspensions
