Practice Quiz Unit 2

Question 1

Synthesized in liver. Activated at site of activity. NOT created on as need basis.

Answer 1

Bradykinin

Question 2

Involved in scar formation. Chronic.

Answer 2

Fibroblast

Question 3

Anaphylotoxins. Lead to histamine release from mast cells.

Answer 3

C3a & C5a

Question 4

Chemical mediator of inflammation. Released by nerve endings. Causes pain.

Answer 4

Substance P

Question 5

Chemical mediator. Stored in pre-formed vesicle. Ready for immediate release. Associated with IgE antibody.

Answer 5

Histamine

Question 6

Associated with fever. Associated with acute phase reaction.

Answer 6

Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNF

Question 7

Arachadonic acid + cyclooxygenase =

Answer 7

Prostaglandin

Question 8

Involved in: platelet activation, vasoconstriction, bronchospasm, chemotaxis

Answer 8

Platelet Activating Factor

Question 9

Activates kallikrein. Associated with C5.

Answer 9

Coagulation Factor XII

Question 10

Functions include: opsonization, formation of membrane attack complex, chemotaxis, anaphylaxis

Answer 10

Complement Cascade

Question 11

Arachadonic acid + 5-lipoxygenase =

Answer 11

Leukotriene

Question 12

Which molecule is frequently downregulated to allow for loosening up of cell-cell interactions, facilitating cancer cell detachment from the primary tumor?

Answer 12

E Cadherin

Question 13

Transcriptional repressors of E Cadherin that are often upregulated in tumor cells.

Answer 13

SNAIL, TWIST, ZEB 1/2

Question 14

Factor involved in degrading and remodeling the ECM, allowing for tumor cell invasion.

Answer 14

Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)

Question 15

Process where normal cells undergo apoptosis when they lose adhesion to the ECM. Many metastatic cells have lost this property.

Answer 15

Anoikis

Question 16

Substance capable of causing cancer in living tissue. Type of mutagen.

Answer 16

Carcinogen

Question 17

Name of substance that changes genetic material.

Answer 17

Mutagen

Question 18

Clinical outcome of cancer is generally prognosticated by:

Answer 18

Tumor Stage

Question 19

Alkylating agents preferentially target:

Answer 19

DNA, causing cross links and inhibition of synthesis

Question 20

Drug that produces most of the undesirable side effects of cortisol. Most potent corticosteroid.

Answer 20

Dexamethasone

Question 21

Loss of morphological characteristics of adult cells, or loss of differentiation.

Answer 21

Anaplasia

Question 22

Disordered growth, loss of normal cell maturation, may lead to neoplasia.

Answer 22

Dysplasia.

Question 23

Increase in cell number.

Answer 23

Hyperplasia

Question 24

Change in cell type.

Answer 24

Metaplasia.

Question 25

Virchow's Triad

Answer 25

1. abnormal blood flow 2. hypercoagulability 3. endothelial injury

Question 26

Condition where formation of one blood clot causes systemic lack of clotting factors, and may lead to bleeding.

Answer 26

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Question 27

Inhibition of COX2 to by NSAIDS like celecoxib leads to what type of blood flow in kidneys?

Answer 27

NSIAD inhibition of COX 2 leads to decreased renal blood flow.

Question 28

Inhibition of thomboxane-TXA2 synthesis results in _______ risk for blood clotting.

Answer 28

Decreased

Question 29

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis results in _________ uterine contractions.

Answer 29

Decreased

Question 30

Inhibition of prostacyclin synthesis results in _________ risk for clotting.

Answer 30

Increased

Question 31

Inhibition of ___________ synthesis results in decreased risk for blood clotting.

Answer 31

Thomboxane-TXA2

Question 32

Inhibition of __________ synthesis results in increased risk for clotting.

Answer 32

Prostacyclin