Unit 4- Feet Part 1

Question 1

The foot is located distal to the ____ joint

Answer 1

Talocrural joint

Question 2

The foot forms a platform for:

Answer 2

Supporting the body and locomotion

Question 3

Contents of the foot (bones)

Answer 3

7 Tarsals

5 metatarsal

14 phalanges

Question 4

3 functional parts of the foot

Answer 4

Hindfoot
Midfoot
Forefoot

Question 5

Bones in the hindfoot

Answer 5

Talus and calcaneus

Question 6

Bones in the midfoot

Answer 6

Navicular

Cuboid

3 cuneiform bones

Question 7

Bones in the forefoot

Answer 7

Metatarsals and phalanges

Question 8

Where is skin thinner on the foot?

Answer 8

The dorsum of the foot, associated with thin connective tissue

Question 9

What part of the foot is thick with fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 9

Skin on plantar weigh bearing surface (heel, lateral margin, and ball of foot)

Question 10

Fat is separated by _____ _____.

This creates:

Answer 10

Fibrous septa

An efficient shock absorbing pad, especially over the heel

Question 11

On the dorsum of the foot, the deep fascia is continuous with:

Answer 11

The inferior extensor retinaculum

Question 12

Deep fascia of the plantar fascia

Answer 12

Has a thick central portion with thinner medial and lateral parts

Question 13

What holds the foot together and protects the sole from injury, and helps maintain the transverse and longitudinal arches of the foot?

Answer 13

Plantar fascia

Question 14

Central thick fascia that arises from the calcaneus and functions like a ligament

Answer 14

Plantar aponeurosis

Question 15

Distally, the plantar aponeurosis forms __#__ independent bands.
These become continuous with:

Answer 15

5

Fibrous digital sheaths

Question 16

The plantar aponeurosis crosses the heads of the:

This forms:

Answer 16

Metatarsal

Forms the superficial transverse metatarsal ligament

Question 17

The medial compartment of the sole is covered by:

In contains:

Answer 17

Medial plantar fascia

abductor hallicus
Flexor hallicus brevis
Tendon of the flexor hallicus longus
Medial plantar nerves and vessels

Question 18

The central compartment of the sole is deep to the:

It contains:

Answer 18

Plantar aponeurosis

Flexor digitorum brevis
Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
Adductor hallicus
Lateral plantar nerves and vessels

Question 19

Lateral compartment of the sole is covered by:

It contains:

Answer 19

Thin skin and subcutaneous tissue and plantar fascia

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 20

The interosseous compartment of the sole is encased in:

It contains:

Answer 20

The plantar and dorsal interossei fascia

Metatarsals
Dorsal and plantar interosseous muscles
Deep plantar and metatarsal vessels

Question 21

The dorsal compartment of the sole lies between:

it contains:

Answer 21

The dorsal fascia and tarsal and metatarsal bones

Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
Dorsal neurovascular structures

Question 22

Arches of the foot

Answer 22

Anterior transverse arch

Lateral longitudinal arch

Medial longitudinal arch

Question 23

Plantar muscles functions as a group to:

Answer 23

Support body weight while maintaining the arches of the floot

Question 24

T/F: Muscles of the foot are of little importance individually

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Muscles of the foot are most active when?

Answer 25

In fixing the foot and/or increasing the pressure applies to the ground by various aspects of the sole or the toes in order to maintain balance

Question 26

Muscles of the foot refine the efforts of _____ muscles producing:

Answer 26

Long Eversion/inversion and flexion/extension to create a stable platform for the lower extremity

Question 27

First layer of foor muscles

Answer 27

Abductor hallicus Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi

Question 28

NS and AC for Abductor hallicus

Answer 28

NS: Medial plantar nerve AC: Abducts and flexes 1st digit

Question 29

NS and AC for flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 29

NS: Medial plantar nerve AC: Flexes digits 2-5

Question 30

NS and AC for abductor digiti minimi

Answer 30

NS: Lateral plantar nerve AC: Abducts and flexes 5th digit

Question 31

Layer 2 foot muscles

Answer 31

Quadratus plantae Lumbricals

Question 32

NA and AC for Quadratus plantae

Answer 32

NS: lateral plantar nerve AC: Assists FDL in flexing lateral 4 digits

Question 33

NS and AC for Lumbricals

Answer 33

NS :medial 1: Medial plantar nerve Lateral 3: Lateral plantar nerve AC: Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 34

Layer 3 muscles of the foot

Answer 34

Flexor hallicus brevis Adductor hallicus Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 35

NS and AC for Flexor hallicus brevis

Answer 35

NS: Medial plantar nerve AC: Flexes proximal 1st phalanx

Question 36

NA and AC for adductor hallicus

Answer 36

NS: Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve AC: Adduct 1st digit, assists in transverse arch of the foot

Question 37

NS and AC for flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 37

NS: Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve AC: Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 38

Layer 4 of the foot muscles

Answer 38

Plantar interossei (3) Dorsal interossei (4)

Question 39

NS and AC for plantar interossei

Answer 39

NS: Lateral plantar nerve AC: Adducts 2-4 digits and flexes MTP joints

Question 40

NS and AC for dorsal interossei

Answer 40

NS; lateral plantar nerve AC: abduct digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints

Question 41

Insertion of the interossei muscles into the dorsal expansion hoods allow them to:

Answer 41

Flex the MTP joints and extend the IP joints

Question 42

The long axis of the 2nd digit serves as:

Answer 42

The midline in the foot

Question 43

Dorsum muscles of the foot

Answer 43

Extensor digitorum Extensor hallicus brevis

Question 44

NS and AC for extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 44

NS: Deep fibular nerve AC: AIDS extensor digitorum longus in extending medial 4 toes at MTP and IP joints

Question 45

NS and AC for extensor hallicus brevis

Answer 45

NS: deep fibular nerve AC: AIDS. EHL in extending the 1st toe at MTP joint

Question 46

Neurovascular planes

Answer 46

Superficial and deep

Question 47

Location of superficial layer

Answer 47

Between the 1st and 2nd layers

Question 48

Location of the deep plane

Answer 48

Between the 3rd and 4th layers

Question 49

The tibial nerve divides:

Answer 49

Posterior to the medial malleolus into the medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 50

Plantar nerves supply:

Answer 50

The intrinsic muscles of the plantar aspect of the foot