Urinary Bladder

Question 1

In children the bladder is found in……

Answer 1

Abdomen

Question 2

The capacity of bladder is…..

Answer 2

300 ml can tolerate till 50l ml

Question 3

Apex of bladder is directed….lying behind……continuous with…….represents….

Answer 3

Anteriorly
Symphsis pubis
Median umbilical ligament
Oliterated fibrosed urachus

Question 4

Describe relations of base of bladder

Answer 4

M: covered by recto-vesical pouch, related to rectum separated from it by vas deferens, seminal vesicles & peritoneal pouch
F: ant wall of vagina

Question 5

Describe relations of suoerior surface of bladder

Answer 5

M: sigmoid colon & loops of ileum
F: ant surface of uterus & loops of ileum in utero-vesical pouch

Question 6

Describe relations of infero-lateral surfaces of bladder

Answer 6

Both meet at ant border and related to retropubic pad of fat which separates it from body of pubis, obturator internus & levator ani on each side
The ant border is separated from symphsis pubis by retropubic pad of fat

Question 7

The most fixed part of bladder is……, in male it……

Answer 7

Neck
Rests on base of prostate gland

Question 8

List the true ligaments of the bladder

Answer 8

1. Lateral puboprostatic ligament from ant end of tendinous arch to sheath of prostate & neck of bladder.
2. Medial puboprostatic ligament from back of body of pubis to sheath of prostate & neck of bladder.
3. Median umbilical ligament
   In female they are called pubovesical ligaments

Question 9

List the false ligaments of bladder

Answer 9

Median umbilical fold
Medial umbilical folds (over obliterated umbilical arteries)
(NB: the lateral umbilical fold is over the inferior epigastric artery)

Question 10

The angles of the trigone are……., the distance between them is….in empty bladder &…..in full

Answer 10

The 2 ureteric orifices & the internal urethral orifice
2.5 cm
5 cm

Question 11

Describe arterial blood supply & venous drainage of bladder

Answer 11

M: sup & inf vesical arteries
F: sup vesical & vaginal arteries
Additionally, obturator, inf gluteal, middle rectal
…..
Vesical venous plexus on inferolateral surfaces of the bladder & seminal vesicles in male, continuous with prostatic plexus inf, in female cont with vaginal plexus post. End in internal iliac veins.

Question 12

Describe lymph drainage of bladder

Answer 12

Mainly external iliac LNs
Few end in internal iliac, obturator & common iliac LNs

Question 13

Describe nerve supply of bladder

Answer 13

Parasymp: S1-S3
Symp: T11-L2
Extenal sphincter by pudendal n.(S1-S3) , the nerves travel via pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 14

Describe bounds of retropubic space

Answer 14

Sup, continuous with extraperitoneal fat in lower part of ant abdominal wall till level of umbilicus
Inf, the floor of the space is formed by medial pubo-prostatic or vesical ligaments
On each side, floor is formed by lateral pubo-prostatice or -vesical ligmanets

Question 15

In case of ruptured bladder extravasated urine is found…..

Answer 15

Between anterior abdominal wall and the peritoneum

Question 16

Length of male urethra is…..
Its parts are……

Answer 16

18-20 cm
Preprostatic, Prostatic, membranous, penile (spongy)

Question 17

Pre-prostatic oart length is……& it is surrounded by…….

Answer 17

1-1.5 cm
Internal urethral sphincter

Question 18

The most dilatable & widest part of urethra is……., its length is……

Answer 18

Prostatic
3-4 cm

Question 19

Describe site of urethral crest, on each side there is a shallow depression termed……perforated by…..

Answer 19

Posterior wall of prostatic urethra, in the midline longitudinally
Urethral crest
Orifices of prostatic ducts

Question 20

In the middle of urethral crest there is……on which orifice of……is present. On both its sides……

Answer 20

Colliculus seminalis
Prostatic utricle
2 ejaculatory ducts open

Question 21

The prostatic utricle represents……..

Answer 21

The fused lower ends of paramesonephric ducts which form the uterus & vagina in female

Question 22

The least dilatable narrowest part of urethra is……, its length is……surrounded by…….

Answer 22

Membranous
2 cm
External urethral sphincter

Question 23

Spongy part of urethra length is……., dilated at beginning forming……., dilated at termination forming……

Answer 23

15 cm
Intrabulbar fossa
Navicular fossa

Question 24

Describe blood supply of male urethra

Answer 24

Art: inf vesical, middle rectal, penile branches of internal pudendal
Ven: proximal parts drain directly into prostatic venous plexus, the remaining part of male urethra drains in prostatic venous plexus indirectly through deep dorsal vein of penis.

Question 25

Describe lymphatic drainage of urethra

Answer 25

M: protstatic & membranous parts inti internal iliac LNs, spongy to deep inguinal nodes & few pass to superficial inguinal LNs
F: internal iliac LNs

Question 26

………in female are homologous to prostate in male

Answer 26

Urethral glands