U.S final - Food and Drugs as Public Health Issues Flashcards

Question

USDA

Answer 1

Account for about 20% of federally regulated foods Account for about 27% of foodborne illness outbreaks Has the power to ban importing of meat and poultry from countries with inferior food safety systems

Answer 2

Responsible for all other foods, including seafood, produce, grains Responsible for about 80% of federally regulated foods Account for about 67% of reported foodborne illness outbreaks

Answer 3

Inspections may occur once every 10 years Don’t inspect farms unless there is an outbreak Does not have the power to ban importing of fruits, vegetables, grains or fish from countries with inferior food safety systems (but the USDA does!)

Answer 4

Many inconsistencies between the 2 agencies, what are they? Issues with the system Patchwork legislation Division of responsibility Lack of coordination

Answer 5

Inconsistencies among different types of food in the way food safety is regulated System depends too heavily on detecting and correcting problems after they occur rather than focusing on prevention

Answer 6

HACCP: Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point Originally invented by NASA to ensure food safety in outer space A proactive approach to food safety Focuses on procedures Implemented by the Clinton administration as a preventive approach to meat and seafood safety

Answer 7

Puts the responsibility on food businesses to analyze their procedures Requires government inspectors to verify compliance Identifies potential sources of contamination and devises ways to avoid them Should reduce the need for inspections The USDA reports nearly 96% compliance

Answer 8

Conduct a hazard analysis Determine the critical control points Establish critical limits Establish monitoring procedures Establish corrective actions Establish verification procedures Establish record-keeping and documentation procedures

Answer 9

Very similar to other cause and effect/failure mode and effects analysis models

Answer 10

The use of radiation to kill microbial contaminants of food Opposition among consumer groups FDA has approved irradiation of red meat, poultry, pork, fruits and vegetables, seeds, herbs and spices, eggs and wheat Foods that have been irradiated must be labeled as such Controversial?

Answer 11

Consists of public health laboratories in all 50 states and Canada Network permits timely comparisons of pathogens that may cause outbreaks in various parts of the country Identifies common sources of contamination Enables public health officials to take action to halt distribution of contaminated foods Passive surveillance (waits for information to be reported by doctors, hospitals, labs)

Answer 12

An active surveillance network Designed to help public health officials better understand the epidemiology of foodborne diseases Contact labs, survey physicians, contact members of the general public

Answer 13

Data collected provides information on less severe foodborne illnesses that are often not reported to public health authorities Data helps officials at the USDA and FDA identify where their regulatory systems should be improved Includes investigators at the USDA and FDA and ten state health departments

Answer 14

Food safety standards include limits on additives and contaminants in food Additives are intentional, purposely incorporated into food to improve taste, color, nutritional value and resistance to deterioration

Answer 15

Dirt Hair Rodent feces Insect parts Pesticide residues Hormones Antibiotics

Answer 16

Prescription and OTC drugs regulated by FDA though different levels of regulation exist between the two Complex system for new drug approval Cosmetics more loosely regulated No requirement for safety testing Warning label must be on products not tested

Answer 17

Regulations established in 1994 require labels on prepared foods to contain information on Fats including saturated and trans-fats Fiber Vitamins Other nutrients and recommended daily intakes for these nutrients

Answer 18

FDA regulates products accounting for approximately 25% of consumer dollars spent FDA criticized for Being too slow in approval of new drugs (criticism from the drug companies) Being too ready to approve new drugs (criticism from consumer advocates)

Answer 19

FDA’s issues led to a review by the IOM which recommended Increased funding for improved monitoring of the safety of drugs post marketing Greater authority for the FDA to require companies to conduct follow-up clinical studies on newly detected adverse effects

Answer 20

Congress passed legislation in 2007 that addressed some of these recommendations Reauthorized the use of user fees for the drug approval process Increased funding for post-marketing studies and surveillance Granted the FDA authority to require companies to conduct follow-up clinical studies on newly detected adverse effects

Answer 21

What is the role of the pharmacist?: Education Regulation compliance OTC medication recommendation Referral to primary care providers Others?

U.S final - Food and Drugs as Public Health Issues Flashcards

(46 cards)