Valvular Hrt Dis (Mitral Regurg-MR)

Question 1

What is mitral regurgitation (MR)?

Answer 1

A condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium.

Question 2

List some causes of mitral regurgitation.

Answer 2

• Mitral valve prolapse
• Rheumatic heart disease
• Ischemic heart disease with papillary muscle dysfunction
• Left ventricular dilatation
• Mitral annular calcification
• Infective endocarditis
• Congenital defects

Question 3

What are common symptoms of mitral regurgitation?

Answer 3

• Weakness
• Exertional dyspnea

Question 4

What type of murmur is associated with mitral regurgitation?

Answer 4

Loud holosystolic murmur

Question 5

What imaging findings are typical in mitral regurgitation?

Answer 5

• Enlarged left atrium
• Hyperdynamic left ventricle

Question 6

How should severe or decompensated mitral regurgitation be treated?

Answer 6

Treat it as heart failure.

Question 7

What intravenous vasodilator is helpful in acute mitral regurgitation situations?

Answer 7

Nitroprusside

Question 8

What surgical options are available for treating mitral regurgitation?

Answer 8

• Surgical repair
• Replacement of the mitral valve