Valvular Hrt dis (Mitral Stenosis- MS) Flashcards
(11 cards)
name Valvular heart diseases
Mitral stenosis (MS)
Mitral regurgitation (MR)
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis (MS)?
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal throat infection.
What are some rare causes of mitral stenosis?
Congenital defects, calcifications
These causes are less frequently encountered compared to rheumatic fever.
What are the primary symptoms of mitral stenosis?
Dyspnea, pulmonary edema
Symptoms may worsen with exertion or during fever.
What complications can arise from mitral stenosis?
Hemoptysis, embolism (pulmonary and systemic)
These complications can lead to serious health issues.
What type of murmur is associated with mitral stenosis?
Diastolic murmur
This murmur is typically heard during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle.
What imaging findings are common in mitral stenosis?
Atrial fibrillation, left atrial enlargement, right ventricular hypertrophy
These findings help in diagnosing and assessing the severity of the condition.
What is the recommended prophylaxis for recurrent rheumatic fever?
Penicillin V, benzathine penicillin
These antibiotics are used to prevent future episodes of rheumatic fever.
What type of treatment is used for symptomatic relief in mitral stenosis?
Symptomatic treatment (for dyspnea, prevention of thrombosis)
This may include diuretics or anticoagulants.
What is valvotomy?
A surgical procedure to repair the mitral valve
Valvotomy can help improve blood flow and alleviate symptoms.
What is the first choice treatment in uncomplicated cases of mitral stenosis?
Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty
This minimally invasive procedure is preferred for its effectiveness and lower risk.
