Flashcards in Viral Structure, Replication and Pathogensis Deck (65)
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1
What are the classifications of viruses?
Polio
Rota
Human papillo
Adeno
Semliki
Influenza
Paramyxo
Smallpox
2
What is virology?
Scientific study of viruses and disease they cause
3
What is a virus?
Infective agent typically consisting of a of a nucleic acid in a a protein coat
Obligate intracellular parasite that depends on the host for reproduction
4
How are viruses similar to living organisms?
Proteins and glycoproteins
Nucleic acid
5
How are viruses different from living organism?
No polysaccharides, small molecules or ions
If they are lipid they are only enveloped
No ribosomes
6
Do antibiotics work against viruses?
No
7
Does a virus contain DNA and RNA?
No they can only have DNA or RNA, never both
8
What are possible structures for DNA viruses?
Single or double strand
Linear or circular
Open or closed
Continuous or nicked
9
What are some possible structure for RNA viruses?
Single or double strand
Linear
Possible segmentation
Single strand may be plus or minus sense
10
What are the steps to name a virus?
1. Structure: size morphology and nucleic acid
2. Biochemical characteristics: structure and mode of replication
3. Disease
4. Means of transmission:
5. Cell, tissue or organ
6. Host cell range
11
What a virion?
Structurally complete infective virus particle
12
What is a capsid and what are capsomeres?
A protein shell that encloses the nucleic acid
Capsomeres are units on the surface in clusters
13
What is a nucleocapsid?
Capsid along with the inside nucleic acid
14
What is the tegument of a virus?
Proteinaceous material between envelope and capsid
15
If a virus is said to have an icosahedral shape, what does it look like?
Rigid and uniform structure
ex. Multiside hexagon
16
If a virus is said to have a helical shape, what does it look like?
Swirly squiggly
17
A naked virus...
Protects viral genes from inactivation by adverse environments
Packaged, protect and deliver genome
Mediate attachment (VAP)
Release by cell lysis
18
An enveloped virus...
Has a lipid bilayer with embed proteins
More susceptible to chemical agents
Determines host cell specificity and penetration
Facilitates attachment
Released by budding
19
A virus is icosahedral naked. What types of genome does it have?
dsDNA, ssDNA, dsRNA, ssRNA
20
A virus with an icosahedral shape and is enveloped has what types of genome?
dsDNA, dsRNA, ssRNA
21
A virus has a helical shape and is naked. What are its genomes?
dsDNA, ssDNA, ssRNA
22
An enveloped helical virus is found. What genome will it have?
ssRNA
23
What are the 2 types of exceptions to viral symmetry?
Complex viruses: poxvirus and bacteriophages
24
What is tropism?
Factors that affect host range
25
What are some factors that allow viruses to enter cells?
Can use more than one receptor or many viruses use the same receptor
26
What are the most common routes of entry for a virus?
Blood and bodily fluids
Insect bites
Respiratory
GI
Direct contact
27
What are some viruses that enter through blood or fluid?
CMV, EBV, HBV, HCV, HIV
28
If an insect bites you, what viruses could it transmit?
Dengue, EEEV, WEEV, West Nile
29
Oh no! You touched a surface covered in viruses! What could viruses could you get?
HSV, smallpox, VZV
30
