Virology9

Question 1

T or F

More than 90% of bile will be reabsorbed

Answer 1

T

Question 2

The bilirubin should undergo —– before going out in urine

Answer 2

Glycosylation by glucoronic acid

Question 3

Jaundice:—– we detect it by—-
Pruritus:——- what is its relation with jaundice?

Answer 3

-Yellowing , excess in bilirubin we detect it by looking at sclera or vascular bed of the togue
- itchiness
After bilirubin accumulates the patient feels itchiness

Question 4

In hepatitis:

Stool will become —– unlike in urine where it becomes—–

Answer 4

Yellow to white

Dark in colour (tea coloured)

Question 5

Hepatitis that appear suddenly is—- while after —- months its ——-

Answer 5

Acute
6 months
Chronic

Question 6

T or F

Fulminant hepatitis is chronic

Answer 6

False its acute but exaggerated

Question 7

Fulminant hepatitis causes—– and has (high/low)—–mortality rate

Answer 7

Encephalopathy

High

Question 8

T or F

Persistent unresolved hepatitis is considered chronic

Answer 8

False
Comes after acute hepatitis
This shows us that most of manifestations are immunopathological

Question 9

T or F

In persistent untesolved hepatitis the virus is still present

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Ecteric hepatitis:—–

Anecteric:—-

Answer 10

Hepatitis with jaundice

Hepatitis with no jaundice

Question 11

Histological manifestations of hepatitis

Answer 11

Hepatocytes necrosis
Lobular inflammation
Disruption of liver cell cord
Kuppfer cell hyperplasia
Mononuclear infiltrate

Question 12

All the clinical manifestations are caused by —–

Answer 12

Immune system (cytokines)

Question 13

T or F

Extra-hepatic manifestations are present in all hepatitis viruses

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Hepatitis A:
Hepatitis E:
Both are transmitted by -------
Envelope:-----
Genome:-----

Answer 14

Infectious hepatitis
Enterically hepatitis
Fecal-oral route
Absent
RNA

Question 15

Hepatitis B:
Hep C:

Envelope:

Answer 15

Serum hepatitis
Post transfusion
Present (with D)

Question 16

Other viruses that cause hepatitis:

Answer 16

Yellow fever

EBV and CMV

Question 17

Heppp A

MOT:
Prt of —-

Answer 17

Fecal oral

Picornaviruses

Question 18

Replication of hepatitis A

Answer 18

1- entry
2- translation (pos sense)
3- distruction of cell

Question 19

Enterohepatic cycle:

Answer 19

Mouth - intestine - portal vein - liver- biliary tract- intestine - blood - viremia

Question 20

Ip of HAV

Answer 20

2-4 weeks

Question 21

T or F

HBV and HCV have a lower IP

Answer 21

False

2-20 weeks

Question 22

T or F

Hep B and C always causes chronic hepatitis

Answer 22

False

Could be acute but it’s known by it’s chronicity

Question 23

T or F

HAV causes chronic hepatitis

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Unresolved hepatitis is sometimes seen after infection with —— which lead to increase in —–

Answer 24

Hep A

LFTs (SGOT, SGPT)

Question 25

Hep A (can/can't)----- cause acute liver failure, but most often it is with (high/low)--- risk unless if it's associated with---------

Answer 25

Can Low risk Cirrhosis, hep B

Question 26

Symptoms:

Answer 26

``` Fever Malaise Jaundice Abdominal pain Diarrhea From cytokines: myalgia and arthralgia ```

Question 27

Wrt ecteric and anecteric hepatitis: Children : Adults:

Answer 27

Children: 1 in 13 have jaundice (12;1) Adults: 3 in 4 have jaundice (1:3)

Question 28

T or F | Adults are more likely to develop symptoms of hep A

Answer 28

True

Question 29

The infection of children with hep A is more ------ and ----- is higher

Answer 29

Subclinical | Transmission

Question 30

Hep A infectivity is from ----- weeks while the onset of symtoms is mainly ---- weeks

Answer 30

2 weeks 4 weeks Srlu jm3ten aam y3de

Question 31

Tx for HAV

Answer 31

IV hydration

Question 32

``` Range of time for: Virus in feces: Symptoms and jaundice: Viremia: Aminotransferases: ```

Answer 32

2-6 weeks Week 4 2-4 weeks 4-9 weeks

Question 33

High risk patients after infection with HAV: 1- 2- 3-

Answer 33

1- chronic liver disease 2- pregnant 3- HIV

Question 34

HAV vaccine:

Answer 34

Inactivated HAV : 2-3 doses

Question 35

``` People at risk of infection with hep A: 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- ```

Answer 35

``` Travelers ( from developed to developing) Drug users (whether injectable or nah) MSM Blood disorders (clotting factors) Animal workers ( primates) ```

Question 36

T or F | HAV infection provides permanent inmunity

Answer 36

True

Question 37

``` HBV Genome: Family: Size: Mode of trans ```

Answer 37

DNA complicated Hepadnaviruses 42 nm (dane) MOT: cont. blood , sexual contact and transplantation, vertical ( from mother to child)

Question 38

Heptitis B causes 30% of ------ and increase the risk of -----

Answer 38

Cirrhosis related deaths | HCC ( hepatic carcinoma)

Question 39

Genotypes of hepB

Answer 39

Many from A to J

Question 40

The most affected population from hepB are the ----- they have 85% to 90% chance developing ------

Answer 40

New borns | Chronic hepatitis

Question 41

In adults, 95% of infected patients will----- while 5% will develop ----- infection

Answer 41

Resolve completely | Chronic

Question 42

Vaccine for hep B is given at day ------ then at -----

Answer 42

0 | 2 months

Question 43

``` HepB genome shape: Envelope: Shape if capsid: Protein in capsid Protein soluble in virus ```

Answer 43

``` DNa- partially double stranded ( tail ss) Present with HBsAg Icosahedral Core Ag (HBcAg) HBeAg ```

Question 44

Complex of HBV:

Answer 44

22 nm spherical protein 200 nm filamentous protein 42 nm infectious body

Question 45

The virus secretes ------- to the environment

Answer 45

HBsAg to form the filaments (200nm)

Question 46

Proteins secreted by the virus caused serum------ that will induce-----

Answer 46

Sickness | Allergies

Question 47

DNA of HBV is partially -------, and have ------ OrF that's responsible for synthesizing ----- polypeptides

Answer 47

Circular 4 7

Question 48

Gene S is for ------, ----- and ---- that will combine to give the complicated ----, gene P is for ------ that have ---- and ----- activity Gene C is for ---- and ---- X:

Answer 48

``` Small middle and large Hbs proteins Hbs antigen Polymerase and reverse transcriptase HbcAg ( core) and pre-HbeAg For transactivator , inhibition of immune system (evasion) ```

Question 49

T or F | I can detect Hbe Ag

Answer 49

true | Because it's soluble

Question 50

Replication of HBV

Answer 50

-attachment of Hbs -uncoating -nucleus - cccDNA -integration in host DNA (latency) -transcription -translation -pregenome RNA -put in capsid with Hbc Ag - make DNA by pol-RT -we have now + and neg Golgi then budding

Question 51

Clinical manifestation of HBV:

Answer 51

Increased viral load (pcr) Elevated LFT and bilirubin HBsAg-IgM HBcAb + then he has acute HBV (or HBsAg only)

Question 52

In sexually active individuals (heda hamu l dr) we should always do tests for STIs like: (screening)

Answer 52

Syphilus HBV HCV HIV