Virology2

Question 1

Picornaviruses are (small/big)-----less than ------ (single/double)----- (RNA/Dna)-------(icosahedral/helical)-----(enveloped/not)------ 
They are divided into ------- transmitted thru----- and -------- transmitted thru----

Answer 1

Small
50 nm
Single
RNa pos
Icosahedral
Naked
Enteroviruses GIT
Rhino RT

Question 2

T or F

Hepatitis B is a picornavirus

Answer 2

False

Hepatitis A

Question 3

Poliovirus is (naked/enveloped)------ virus----- (enterovirus/rhino)------causes the destrusction of ----- so called -----
Transmitted thru ----- route

Answer 3

Naked
Entero
Myelin shealth ,poliomyelitis
Fecal oral route

Question 4

Pathogenesis of polio:

Answer 4

Ingestion
Local LN
Primary viremia
Secondary viremia
Muscle then CNS (retrograde)

Question 5

How many type of polio viruse we have?

Type of vaccine?

Answer 5

3 with cross reactivity

Trivalent vaccine

Question 6

T or F

After recorvery and carriers can transmitt the virus to others (prolonged excretion of virus)

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T or F

Humans are not the only reservoir for poliovirus

Answer 7

True

We have the primates too

Question 8

95% of polio patients are ——- while 5%——, IP ——

Answer 8

Asymptomatic (subclinical)
Clinical
IP 1 to 2 weeks

Question 9

In the clinical case of polio , there is a spectrum of this clinical disease
Talk about it

Answer 9

Mild , only with prodromal illness
Non paralytic , aseptic meningitis ( self limited unlike bacterial meningitis) last for 1 weeek
Paralytic poliomyelitis atrophy of proximal muscles , hip dysplagia and scoliosis

Question 10

Post poliomyelitis infection

Answer 10

Residual paralysis

Progressive post poliomyelitis muscle atrophy

Question 11

T or F

Poliovirus can’t affect adults

Answer 11

False

But it’s mainly in children

Question 12

Endemic vs epidemic

Answer 12

Endemic is continous camp of refugees where there is no sudden rise in infected people because of lack of sanitation
Epidemic there is sanitation but there is a sudden rise in infected people before vaccination era

Question 13

Vaccines of polio

Answer 13

Salk: inactive-virus can’t multiply given PRT no herd immunity virus still (keep shedding virus because of ansence of IgA) transmitted (we have IgM and igG)
Sabin : live attenuated given PO induce igA and trivalent (1,2,3), herd immunity

Question 14

Coxsackivirus is (enterovirus/rhinovirus)——–divided into —- and —– causes —–foot mouth disease (involve/not ) —— palm and soles, causes —– rash (with/without) ——- crusting unlike —– and —– ,mainly in —— and (require/doesn’t) ——- treatment

Answer 14

Entero
A and B
Hand foot mouth disease
Involve
Vesicular
Without crusting
Herpes and small pox
Children
Doesn't

Question 15

T or F

Only type A can cause aseptic meningitis

Answer 15

False

Both

Question 16

Enteroviruses are the most common cause of ——- in adults

Answer 16

Viral meningitis

Question 17

2 diseases associated with coxsackie B

Answer 17

Pleurodynia aka epidemic myalgia : fever then ,abdominal(in children) pleuritic and chest pain.

Myocarditis coxsackie is the number 1 cause of myocarditis in all viruses that causes it
Acute (heart failure) or chronic (chronic heart failure.

Question 18

T or F

Only coxsackie B can cause common cold and gastroenteritis

Answer 18

False both

Question 19

——— can cause undifferentiated febrile illness

Answer 19

Coxsackie

Question 20

T or F

Coxsackie can cause inteference with affects vaccination

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Generalized disease of infants

Answer 21

The invasion of virus in all tissues this will lead to excessive secretion on interferons and cytokines and the baby will die eventually

Question 22

The rash that appear on skin is called —– while viscles that appear on mucosa are called——

Answer 22

Exanthem

Enanthem

Question 23

Herpangina is caused by —– and it’s (exanthema/enanthem)—– (self limited / chronic)——– characterized by——-

Answer 23

Coxsacki
Enanthem
Self limited
Viscles, febrile pharingitis

Question 24

Enterovirus 70 causes ——— and it’s (self-limited/chronic)——

Answer 24

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

Self limited

Question 25

Enteroviruses are found in:

Answer 25

Sewage مجارير | Filtering animals like oysters (not considered vectors)

Question 26

Flavi and toga are ------- the trasmission is done after----- (with/without)------ risk of pandemics----- Genome: Envelope: Shape: Characterized by----- based on it's genetic background Majority (will/won't)----- involve the CNs Immunity: May cause ----- or ----- because of the cytokine burst.

Answer 26

``` Arboviruses (transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks ) Inoculation of blood from viremic vertebrate Without Ss + RNA Enveloped Icosahedral Neuroinvasion Won't Permanent Coma or death ```

Question 27

Yellow fever virus is a -------- causes------ and ---- injury also bleeding, first phase symptoms: ------- and ------- then the patient recovers and then will cause -------

Answer 27

``` Flavivirus Renal and hepatic injury Jaundice Headache and loss of apetite Renal and hepatic dysfunction Saddleback ```

Question 28

T or F | Yellow fever virus have low mortality rate but with many serotypes

Answer 28

High | One serotype

Question 29

Steps of infection with yfv

Answer 29

``` Skin Blood LN RES BM Myocardium liver kidneys ```

Question 30

Lesions caused by yfv are ----- the virus is said to be ------

Answer 30

Necrotic | Cytopathic

Question 31

Yfv patients bleed (internally/externally)------ and evemtially will have --------

Answer 31

Internally | Circulatory collapse

Question 32

Ip for yfv

Answer 32

Average 1 week (3-7 days) | Also one week between phase 1 and 2

Question 33

-------% have severe symtomps caused by yfv and a percentage faces ------

Answer 33

15% | Hepatorenal failure

Question 34

Vaccine for yfv

Answer 34

17D for live attenuated vaccine | Not viscerotropic or neurotropic

Question 35

T or F 17D is given for immunocompromised patients to enhance their immunity against yfv It is viscerotropic and neurotropic

Answer 35

False

Question 36

Dengue fever virus symptoms

Answer 36

``` Seveeereee headache Muscle and joint pains Eye pain Breakbone fever Pain behind eyes Rash Bleeding from nose Saddleback ```

Question 37

``` Filoviruses Source: Shape: Genome structure: Envelope: Mortality rate: ```

Answer 37

``` Fruit bat Pleomorphic particles / filamentous SS non segmented - RNA (7 genes) Enveloped (budding) 90-95% ```

Question 38

Ebola and marburg Family: Tropism: Mode of trans: IP:

Answer 38

African hemorrhagic fever (50% death) Macrophages and DC Contact, bloody fluids even hugs, saliva and tears Less than a week

Question 39

Progression of the disease in ebola and marburg

Answer 39

Prodrome then internal to external bleeding (even from ears and eyes)

Question 40

``` Rubella Family: Mode of trans: Genome: Envelope: Structure ```

Answer 40

``` Togavirus (not arbo) RT SS + Enveloped Helical ```

Question 41

T or F | Rubella virus have 1 type of GP

Answer 41

False 2

Question 42

``` Postnatal rubella Tageted patients: Mode of trans Ip Viremia for---- After Ab seroconversion----- will appear where the virus is(present/absent) -------- on skin ------ in women Immunity---- ```

Answer 42

``` Patients more than 1 year URT Less severe than congenital Ip 1 week Viremia 2 weeks Macculopapular Rash (head to extrem) Absent (immunopathological) Arthralgia and arthritis Permanent ```

Question 43

Arthralgia/ arhtritis is caused mainly by 3 viruses list them

Answer 43

Rubella Hepatitis B Parvovirus B 19

Question 44

T or F | Prodrome caused by rubella is pathognominic

Answer 44

False | Nothing is pathognominic in rubella

Question 45

Congenital rubella Mode of trans: Timeline of severity Triad of rubella

Answer 45

Transplacentally Earlier more severe may lead to abortion if its in the first 3 weeks Cataract cardiac deafness Microceeephaaaalyy (CNS involvement)

Question 46

T or F | Immunity from mother to child against rubella is permanent

Answer 46

False | IgGs only for 6 months

Question 47

Give an example of herd immunity

Answer 47

1-Giving the live attenuated vaccine to one person and use it's mode of transmission to make people around him develop immunity ( msln b camp of refugees aatet la wahd mmkn hada tene yshrab mn l may le mesh mneha feha l attenuated vaccine) 2- if someone is moving from an endemic place to safe place if i give him the vaccine as if iam giving it to all of his people in the safe place (ex.chief)

Question 48

T or F | We give child with fever caused by a virus vaccines to induce mmunity

Answer 48

False Because if he is already infected with the first virus and i give the live attenuated the body won't respond to it and don't develop immunity

Question 49

1 in 2 million vaccinated with live attenuated polio virus people may develop ----

Answer 49

VAPP ( vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis)

Question 50

T or F | Foot mouth disease is caused by coxsackie virus

Answer 50

False | This disease is in animals

Question 51

Most common cause of cold----- Then------ And and enterovirus like -----

Answer 51

Rhinoviruses Corona viruses (30%) Coxsakie

Question 52

Zika virus Transmission: Sign of zika:

Answer 52

Transplacental | Microcephaly maily frontal lobe this will lead in personality problems

Question 53

Zika virus is (toga/flavi)------- virus that can be transmitted also by----- 2 more common feature of zika are : 1- 2-

Answer 53

Flavi Body fluids 1-skin rash 2-conjuctivitis

Question 54

T or f | Hepatitis C is flavirus and arbovirus

Answer 54

False | Flavi but not arbo