Wed Wk 5 Mixed 1 Flashcards
Cholinesterase inhib D improves cognition, behavior, fxn in AD pt
can also tx w vitamin __ as neuroprotective agent
or NMDA antag M
Early onset AD assc w \_\_ gene on chromo 21 Presinilin 1 on chromo \_\_ Presenilin 2 on chromo \_\_ inc prodxn of \_\_ Late onset w \_\_
Angular gyrus in dominant __ lobe supplied by MCA
Gerstman syndrome has A/A/finger A__ and LR disorientation
ischemic injury to dorsolateral medulla has W__ syndrome
loss of pain/temp on __ body and ipsi face (ST and spinal trigeminal tracts)
ipsi bulbar weakness and V_
ipsi limb ataxia (I__) and Horner syndrome
donezepil
E
memantine
APP 14 1 A beta amyloid apoE4
parietal
agraphia, acalcula, agnosia
wallengurg
contra
vertigo
inferior cerebellar peduncle
Medial medullary syndrome is ischemic stroke to __ artery
see contralateral __ and contraleteral __ loss
w ipsi __paralysis
Midbrain stroke w upward gaze palsy, absent pupillary reflex, impaired converge is __ syndrome
HIV mRNA exits nucleus via __ to cytoplasm
uses host ribosomes for translation that is packaged into new __ for release
PRPP synthetase is necessary to produce activated __ for de novo synthesis of purine/pyrimidines
if upregulated, more __ formed leads to gout
__ cells are responsible for releasing cytokines/mediators for PMN activation resulting in positive feedback loop
anterior spinal
hemiparesis, hemisensory
tongue
Parinaud
pores
virion
ribose
purines
PMN
Mast cell degranulation inhibs C
severity of chronic bronchitis depends on __ diameter of bronchi/bronchioles has been dec
quantify w __ index of submucosal gland to thickness of wall bw epithelium/cartilage
RBF= __ -__/(renal vasc resistance)
RPF= _ clearance aka urine PAH x urine flow rate/plasma PAH
HCT is fraction of blood occupied by __
interstitial fibrosis w __ air space enlargement is IPF
alveolar wall collapse forms __ lined by T2 pneumos
see patch, diffuse __
cromolyn sulfate
luminal
Reid
renal artery pressure-renal vein pressure
PAH
RBC
cystic
honeycombs
fibrosis
__ has fever, wl, and intraluminal plugs w granulation tissue/inflam debris in distal airways
__ has bilateral pulm opacification w alveolar accumulation of amorphous protein/phospholipid material
focal necrosis of alveoli in _ dz
alcohol denatures __ and damages cell membranes
not __
C__ works similarly, but must be avoided in __/__/__ procedures
also __ the cytoplasm
Formaldehyde \_\_ DNA/proteins used in \_\_ when autoclave is not possible Iodine \_\_ protein/DNA \_\_ produces hydroxyl free rads Iodine/H2O2 are \_\_
PT gluose reabsorption uses __ cotransporters on apical membrane
if reabsorption is inhib, glucose clearance equals _ and thus inulin
COP
Pulm alveolar proteinosis
Goodpasture
proteins
chlorhexidine
neuro, oto/optho
coagulates
alkylates sterilization halogenates H202 sporocidal
Na/glucose
GFR
creatinine/PAH are __ at PT, thus excretion is higher than filtered load
presence of anti__ antibodies indicates previous infection
FLEXOR RETINACULUM IS THE __ ligament
contains __/__/__ tendons and median nerve
aponeurosis of FCU spans olecranon to ME and houses __ nerve
injury to radial nerve at __ can cause loss of triceps reflex
as it passes posterior humerus at __, damage spares triceps reflex
supraspinatus/infraspinatus innervated by __ nerve
in terminal saccular lung development, T2P release surfactant made of D__ to dec surface tension
occurs after __ wks, w L:S ratio>2
if premature, admin GC B/D to mature Type 2 pneumos
may admin __ to dec risk of cerebral palsy in preterm delivery
secreted
HBcAg
transverse carpal
FDP/FDS/FPL
ulnar
axilla
mid shaft
suprascapular
dipalmitylphosphatidylcholine
33
betamethasone, dexamethasone
Mg Suflate
Nifedipine is CCB used to inhibit preterm __ by inhib myosin light chain kinase phosphorylase
T__ is B agonist that inc cAMP to inhibit myosin light chain kinase/relax smooth muscle
Inflam phase of wound healing starts w __ clot and cytokine release by platelets
recruits /
Proliferative phase has __/__ cells prolif to form CT/vessels
2w later, __ phase begins w fibroblasts producing collagen/elastin etc
fibroblasts are stimulated by __/__
TGFB normally __ over healing, but is persistently elevated in keloid/hypertrophic scar
use __ to dec inflam cell movement across BBB in MS
IL17 recruits _ and protects against fungi/bacteria at epithelial/mucosal surfaces
labor
Terbutaline
fibrin PMN then macros fibroblast/endothelial vasc maturation PDGF/TGFB declines
interferon Beta
PMN
diptheria __ inactivates circulating toxin but not toxin already in cardiac/neural cells
this is __ immunization of neutralizing antibodies
then use P/E to kill bacteria
followed by DPT __ to confer long lasting immunity
__ is most common cause of death
3rd trimester preg woman w Listeria may have __ labor and neonatal sepsis
think contamination by processed __/__
Scabies is found in \_\_ surfaces of wrist/fingers/elbow/axilla due to \_\_ HS rxn see excoriations w red \_\_ and vesicles linear \_\_ is most specific finding dx w skin \_\_ showing ova/mites/feces
Candida __ presents w erythematous plaques/erosions in axilla/genitals
Necrotic keratinocytes seen in __ syndrome
may be due to C/M infect
antitoxin PASSIVE penicillin, erythromycin vaccine cardiomyopathy preterm meat/cheese
flexor type 4 papules burrows scrapings
intertrigo
SJS
cmv, mycoplama
FH of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma should indicate __ in pt
should show dec __ and peak expiratory flow rate
w normal spirometry, perform __ w methacholine
must maintain __ for oxygenation/CO2 excretion
optimize __/__ to minimize work of breathing
pt w inc __ to lungs breathe best w high RR low TV (short, shallow)
pt w inc __ breathe best at low rate
acute panic attack has __ lungs w inc breathing rate, thus higher work is necessary
pt w celiac dz has malabsorption of __ w excretion of bulky, fatty stool
hypoparathyroid can be due to hypo__ w prolonged diarrhea
asthma possibility
FEV1
bronchoprovacation
MV
TV/RR
resistance
compliance
normal
VD
magnesemia
F__ is nonsteroid comp testosterone inhib
K__ is antiandrogen that dec synth of steroid hormones in gonads/adrenals
Metformin inhibs mito g__ dehydro and complex 1 of ETC, w rise in AMPK
can lead to inc __ prodxn by intestines and reduces its metabolism
thus avoid in __/__/__ failure or alcoholism
hyperaldosteronism inc __ reabsorption, leading to release of K/H
inc H excretion by __ cells promotes bicarb prodxn and activity of HCO3/Cl w met alkalosis
leads to __ w release of ANP to prevent volume overload
pt w diarrhea loses water, H, __ in stool thus results in hypernatremia, hypokalemia and __
flutamide
ketoconazole
glycerophosphate
lactate
hepatic/renal/heart
Na
a intercalated
aldosterone escape
HCO3
metabolic acidosis
Cephalic phase due to __/__ mechs at mention of food
chemical food/distension of stomach releases __ for gastric phase
intestinal phase occurs when _ enters duodenum
ileum/colon release __ to bind histamine containing ECL cells
this inhibits __ release along w somatostatin and PG
Receptive relaxation allows gastric fundus to __ w incoming food
__ body separates urogenital/anal triangles
midline __ is vertical incision from vaginal opening to perineal body
transects vaginal lining and __ tissue
pt w exposure to trauma, amnesia of event, emotional detachment w neg mood, hypervigilant/irritable has __
tx w trauma focused __ and SSRI
may use P__ for nightmare
cholinergic/vagal gastrin protein peptide YY gastrin
dilate
perineal
episiotomy
submucosal
PTSD
CBT
prazosin
pt w smoking hx, polycythemia and renal mass has __ in renal cortex
may have __ released as paraneoplastic sx
12-24hrs after infarct, __ nucleus appears w eosinophilic cytoplasm, pyknotic nuclei, loss nissl substance
24-72 hrs, __ infiltrate
3-7 days, __/__ infiltrate and begin phagocytosis
1-2 w, reactive __ w proliferation around necrotic area
indicates __ necrosis
after 2w, glial scar forms and cystic area surrounded by __
may have __ in core of ischemic stroke
CD has __ granulomas in intestines/skin/Ln, distorted normal __ and paneth cell metaplasia
collagenous microscopic colitis has freq _ in old woman
see subepithelial __ band
__ is M/S w crypt abscesses of PMN in lumen and crypt atrophy
RCC
EPO
red PMN monos/macros gliosis liquefactive astrocytes
fibroblasts
noncaseating, architecture
diarrhea
collagen
UC
__ esophagitis has odynophagia/dysphagia w burning chest pain and linear/shallow ulcerations
biopsy shows large cells w basophilic/eosinophilic __
surfactant is stored/taken to cell surface w __ bodies that have parallel membrane lamellae
released via __ along alveolar lining
postprandial epigastric pain/food aversion w atherosclerosis indicates __ dx
lack of blood supply during digestion/absorption aka intetinal __
dx w duplex __ or angiography showing stensosis
diffuse esophageal spasm is similar to __ as both have painful contractions
CMV
inclusion bodies
lamellar
exocytosis
chronic mesenteric ischemia
angina
US
biliary colic
