WEEK 5 Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is Electroglottography (EGG)?
A non-invasive method to measure vocal fold contact during phonation
EGG provides a waveform representing the degree of contact between the vocal folds.
What does EGG measure?
Electrical impedance across the larynx
As vocal folds come together, impedance decreases; when apart, impedance increases.
What indicates higher waveform values in an EGG measurement?
Vocal fold contact during the closed phase
Closed phase corresponds to higher waveform values.
What indicates lower waveform values in an EGG measurement?
Vocal folds separation during the open phase
Open phase corresponds to lower waveform values.
What does the slope of the EGG waveform represent?
The speed at which vocal folds open and close
What is the Open Quotient (OQ)?
Ratio representing opening phase duration in one cycle
OQ = Duration of Open Phase / Duration of whole cycle.
What is the Closed Quotient (CQ)?
Ratio representing closing phase duration in one cycle
What does a regular EGG pattern indicate?
Normal phonation
Irregular patterns may indicate vocal pathology.
What characterizes Modal Phonation in EGG analysis?
Regular waveform with distinct closed and open phases
What characterizes Breathy Phonation in EGG analysis?
Reduced peaks in raw signals, indicating less vocal fold contact
Higher OQ values than in modal phonation.
What characterizes Creaky/Pressed Phonation in EGG analysis?
Higher peaks in raw signals, longer closed phase
Lower OQ values than modal phonation.
What are some applications of EGG in speech research?
- Analyzing and diagnosing voice disorders
- Analyzing differences in phonation between segments/languages
- Studying the effects of vocal training and therapy
- Researching the biomechanics of voice production
What are advantages of using EGG?
- Non-invasive and safe for subjects
- Provides direct measurement of vocal fold contact dynamics
- Acoustic signals can provide indirect information but are not consistent
Fill in the blank: EGG provides a waveform indicating the degree of _______ between the vocal folds.
contact
True or False: EGG is an invasive method to measure vocal fold contact.
False
What does the term ‘EGG waveform characteristics’ refer to?
Closed Phase, Open Phase, Opening and Closing Speed
As vocal folds come together, impedance ___ ; when apart, impedance ______.
decreases, increases
What are the major cartilaginous structures of the larynx?
- Cricoid cartilage
- Thyroid cartilage
- Arytenoid cartilages
- Epiglottis
These structures provide the framework for the larynx’s functions.
What is the function of the cricoid cartilage?
Forms the base of the larynx and provides a foundation for other laryngeal structures to articulate.
Shaped like a signet ring, the broader part faces backward.
What does the thyroid cartilage form?
The Adam’s apple.
It is composed of fused plates and allows for the attachment and movement of vocal ligaments and muscles.
What role do arytenoid cartilages play in phonation?
They adjust the pitch and quality of phonation by pivoting and sliding on the cricoid.
Their movement is crucial for vocal fold tension and position.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
Prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing. It also acts as a movable flap that covers the glottis.
During swallowing, what does the epiglottis do?
Folds back over the glottis to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea.
It directs food towards the esophagus.
What are the additional structures associated with the arytenoid cartilages?
- Cuneiform cartilages
- Corniculate cartilages
They help maintain the integrity of the upper laryngeal area.
