WEEK 8 Flashcards
(20 cards)
pathways of the airstream
oropharyngeal isthmus (OPI) for oral sounds and velopharyngeal port (VPP) for nasal sounds
- OPI = arch shaped opening leading to the oral cavity
- VPP = connects the mouth to the nasal passages
temporal bone location and composition
location: at the sides and base of the skull, flanking the brain laterally
composition: 3 major parts (squamous part, mastoid part, petrous part)
squamous part of the temporal bone
flat, thin portion that forms the anterior and superior sections of the temporal bone, contributing to the zygomatic arch
mastoid part of the temporal bone
contains the mastoid process, important for muscle attachment
petrous part of the temporal bone
dense, pyramidal shaped section; houses the inner ear structures (which are very fragile); one of the strongest bones as a result
parietal bones location, structure, sutures
location: large portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity
structure:
- broad, curved plates forming the upper lateral sides of the skull
- meets at the top of the skull at the sagittal suture
sutures:
- sagittal suture = where two parietal bones meet along the midline of the skull
- coronal suture = where the parietal bones meet the frontal bones
- lambdoid suture = where the parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly
- squamosal suture = where parietal bones articulate with the temporal bones
what are sutures
rugged meeting points of skeletal bones
why aren’t sutures straight lines? why must they be rugged?
if they are smooth, they would be easy to take apart, thus, they need to be rugged so that we dont die n shit
frontal bone location, structure, suture
location: forms the forehead and the upper part of the orbital cavity (eye sockets)
structure:
- single bone that includes the forehead, roofs of the orbits, and most of the anterior cranial floor
- contains sinuses (frontal sinuses)
sutures: articulates with the parietal bones at the coronal suture
occipital bone location, structure, sutures
location: forms the posterior and inferior parts of the cranial cavity
structure: single bone that includes the back of the skull and the base of the skull around the “foramen magnum” (where the spinal cord exits the skull)
suture: articulates with the parietal bones at the lambdoid suture
sphenoid bone location, structure, sutures
location:
- at the very base of the skull in between the temporal and frontal bone (anterior to the occipital bone)
- forms the centre of the cranial bones
structure:
- butterfly-shaped bone that forms part of the floor of the cranial cavity
- forms part of the sinus
sutures: articulates with all other cranial bones
ethmoid bone location, structure, sutures
location: roof of the nasal cavity and the base of the cranium
structure:
- between orbital cavities, forming part of the nasal septum and the lateral walls and roof of the nasal cavity
- contains numerous air cells that form the ethmoidal sinuses
sutures: articulates with the frontal bone anteriorly and the sphenoid bone posteriorly
maxilla location, structure
location: forms the upper jaw and parts of the orbit, nasal cavities, and hard palate
structure:
- paired bones fused at the midline, containing the upper teeth
- forms the floor of the orbital cavities and the roof of the mouth
- contributes to the formation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
mandible location, structure
location: lower jawbone, the only moveable bone in the skull
structure: the largest and strongest bone of the face, holding the lower teeth
zygomatic bone location, structure
location: known as the cheekbone, forming the prominence of the cheek
structure: connects with the maxilla, temporal bone, sphenoid bone, and frontal bone, also forms parts of the orbit supporting the eye
nasal bone location and structure
location: forms the bridge of the nose
structure: small paired rectangular bones that form the upper part of the nasal septum, providing shape and support for the nose
lacrimal bone
- smallest and most fragile bone in the face
- forms part of the medial wall of each orbit
- contains the lacrimal fossa that houses the lacrimal sac, integral to the tear drainage system
palatine bone location and structure
location: back part of the nasal cavity and the roof of the mouth (to the anterior part)
structure:
- L-shaped, contributing to the formation of the hard palate, nasal cavity, and sinus
- forms part of the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx
- forms the back part of the hard palate (front part is formed by the maxilla)
vomer bone location and structure
location: forms part of the nasal septum, located in the midline of the nasal cavity
structure: thin plowshare-shaped (some fucking agricultural machine part??) bone that divides the nasal cavities into left and right nostrils
inferior nasal conchae location and structure
location: project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
structure: paired curved bones that form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
