Week 6 pt 1 highlights Flashcards
Goal of maternal physiological changes is to optimize maternal conditions for what 3 things?
1) Fetal growth
2) Prepare for delivery
3) Develop breasts for milk production
When a woman is pregnant, there is an:
1) ___________ in cardiac output (SV x HR)
2) ___________ in heart rate to compensate for extra volume
1) Increase
2) Increase
During pregnancy, a woman’s HR is approx. 10-20 bpm _________ baseline
over
In pregnancy:
1) There is a ____________ in system vascular resistance (SVR)
2) There is a _____________ in systemic BP, beginning around week 7 until around week 26, then gradually returns near baseline levels (so overall is relatively stable)
1) reduction
2) reduction
Progesterone and relaxin do what to SVR?
Decrease (vasodilators)
Aortocaval compression/IVC compression may begin when? In what position?
> 20 weeks gestation; supine position
Why were “pregnancy pillows” were created?
Less venous return de to IVC compression when supine
Expansion of the plasma volume and increase in red blood cell mass peaks when?
28-34 weeks (3rd trimester)
More fluid in the body:
1) Leads to _____________ pedal edema
2) Nocturia/frequent __________ urination
1) daytime
2) nighttime
What can help prevent physiological anemia of pregnancy? (dilutional anemia?
Prenatal vitamins with iron
Mild anemia in pregnancy is ____[rare/common}___ (shouldn’t fall < ______)
common; 10.5
Pregnancy increases risk of blood clots (venous thrombo-embolism/VTE) _________ (___x)
five-fold (5x)
Women are at risk for VTE during pregnancy, childbirth, and ____ months after delivery
3
During pregnancy, a woman’s blood clots more easily. Why?
To lessen blood loss during labor and delivery and protect from hemorrhage
DVT/ PE risk: ______________ increases; _________ activity decreases
Coagulability; fibrinolytic
Less flow, more chance for clots = ______
DVT
Musculoskeletal system is affected by elevated levels of ____________ to help for delivery by softening the cervix and relaxing pubic symphysis
relaxin
Endocrine: There’s an increase in _________ and ___________
prolactin (breastfeeding); cortisol
An increase in activation of RAAS system (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) leads to what?
Na+ retention and edema
Should you expect low or high creatinine during pregnancy?
Low
When is there a higher risk of UTI?
During pregnancy
The only FDA approved med for N/V in pregnancy (like hyperemesis gravidarum) is what?
Diclegis
What hormone leads to constipation in pregnancy?
Progesterone = vasodilator = colonic relaxation
The mammary glands:
1) _____________ in 1st trimester
2) _____________ in 2nd trimester
3) Produce ________ in 3rd trimester
1) Proliferate
2) Differentiate
3) milk
