Weimar and Nazi Germany 1

Question 1

How many German soldiers died and were wounded in WWI?

Answer 1

2 million died; 4 million wounded (55% casualty rate).

Question 2

By how much did German government debt increase from 1914 to 1918

Answer 2

From 50 billion to 150 billion marks.

Question 3

How many Germans died due to food shortages in WWI?

Answer 3

750,000.

Question 4

How long did the first world war last

Answer 4

4 years 1914-1918

Question 5

What was the German Revolution?

Answer 5

A series of uprisings and mutinies that led to the abdication of the Kaiser and creation of a republic.

Question 6

What happened in Kiel and Hamburg in Oct 1918?

Answer 6

Naval mutinies.

Question 7

Who led the strike in Munich on 7 Nov 1918?

Answer 7

Kurt Eisner, a Jewish communist.

Question 8

What were workers’ and soldiers’ councils?

Answer 8

Local revolutionary groups that took control in cities during the revolution.

Question 9

What did the German Revolution show

Answer 9

That the keiser had lost control

Question 10

When and why did the Keiser abdicate

Answer 10

• 9th November 1918
• Lost control of the German people and there were many protests against him.

Question 11

Who told the Keiser to step down

Answer 11

General Groener told him to step down

Question 12

Where did the Kaiser go after abdicating?

Answer 12

Into exile in Holland (10 Nov 1918).

Question 13

Where was the keiser when he abdicated and what caused his desision

Answer 13

Originally the Keiser was told by his ministers that he needed to step down and he refused
- Then He was told by groner that he needed to step down as the military and the army had lost faith in him and would not support him,

Question 14

Where was the Keiser when he abdicated

Answer 14

• The army headquarters in Spa 700 km away from berlin

Question 15

When did he go into exile

Answer 15

10 th November 1918 early hours of the morning

Question 16

Who declared the new republic and what else did he declare

Answer 16

• Philip scheudemann that the keiser had abdicated

Question 17

What forced him to declare the new republic

Answer 17

• There were many protesters outside the reichstag and they had guns and were rioting and taking over parts of the city

Question 18

Why did Scheidemann have to act quickly

Answer 18

• He was told that the roiters were going to announce a new communist goverment and he couldnt let that happen as he wannted a more moderate goverment

Question 19

Who became Chancellor of Germany after the abdication?

Answer 19

Friedrich Ebert (SPD leader).

Question 20

What party was Scheidemann from

Answer 20

SDP socialist democtaric party

Question 21

What was the Council of People’s Representatives?

Answer 21

A temporary government made up of 6 moderate politicians set up by Ebert.

Question 22

What did Ebert do to prevent another revolution

Answer 22

• Took the chancellors office from Max von baden
• Made an agreement with General Groner and the army to work with the government to keep the communists out of power
• Suspended the old reistag and formed the council of peoples representatives.

Question 23

What did the COPR do?

Answer 23

Head the Govement until a new constitution could be agreed

Question 24

what was the armistice and why was it symbolic

Answer 24

Formal agreement to end of the WWI
- First major decision of the Government

Question 25

Why did the Armisitice cause divisions

Answer 25

- The November criminals due to the harsh reparations and treaty of versallies

Question 26

What steps did Ebert take in order to increase the publics faith of the new republic (3)

Answer 26

- He kept civil servants from the old regime in place, to work alongside ethe army and to keep the necessary services open and running eg - Schools, Taxes and public serices - By promising not to reform the army- Officers kept their ranks; General Groener agreed to help keep the republic in power. - Assured that industry leaders would not have their land confiscated AND would be no nationalisation.(allowed them to keep the business and the economy running smooth) - Won the support of the trade unions by promising 8 hour work days

Question 27

Was anyone unhappy with the new Weimar Republic

Answer 27

- Yes, the extreme political party's didn't like the ideas and had riots and demonstrations, Germany was still on the edge of Anarchy.

Question 28

What was the national assembly

Answer 28

- It was like a national government and it needed people to elect the members into it and have the seats

Question 29

When were the National assembly government elections

Answer 29

19th January 1919

Question 30

What was the results of the National assebily interms of the government splits

Answer 30

- Moderate parties won most of the seats - 20 % Centre party - 40 % SDP

Question 31

When and were was the first tiem the National Assembily met

Answer 31

- Febuary 1919 - Needed to meet in weimar as the Unrest in Berlin was Major met 250 km away

Question 32

How long did it take to reach an agreement on the new constitution of Germany? What were the votes like?

Answer 32

6 months 31st July agreed to the constitution - 262 VOTES TO 75

Question 33

Why is it know as the Weimar republic

Answer 33

it was decided in Weimar Germany

Question 34

Features of the Constitution

Answer 34

- The Head of State (President) - The government (Chancellor and Cabinet) - The parliament ( Reichstag and reichsrat) - The electorate ( all men and women 21 or over)

Question 35

What did the President do

Answer 35

-Head of the Weimar republic - No part in day to day politics but had important political power ( choose the chancellor)

Question 36

Who chose the president and how often

Answer 36

The electorate and every 7 years

Question 37

What was the parlement do

Answer 37

- Pass laws and they had to pass through both houses

Question 38

What did the Chancelor do and who chose him

Answer 38

- The President choose him and he chose all ministers of his government as he was the head of the government of the Weimar republic.

Question 39

What did the cabinet do and who chose it

Answer 39

- Helped the Chancellor to make discissions and was the main governing body that made them - Chosen by the chancellor in the cabernet.

Question 40

What did the reichstag do and who was it elected by

Answer 40

- reichstag was the most powerful of the 2 houses - passed laws -collected taxation - Directly elected by the people one every 4 years

Question 41

What was the Reichsrat what did it do and who elected it

Answer 41

Elected every 4 years - Represented the regions of Germany - Each region sent a certain number of representatives depending on its size.