09.Developmental_Anomalies_Tests Flashcards
(23 cards)
A newborn exhibits a notch in the upper lip extending toward the nostril.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Cleft Lip
B. Cleft Palate
C. Lateral Facial Cleft
D. Paramedian Lip Pits
A - Cleft Lip: vermilion notch with incomplete fusion
An infant with feeding issues has an opening in the secondary palate on exam.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Lateral Facial Cleft
B. Cleft Palate
C. Paramedian Lip Pits
D. Van der Woude Syndrome
B - Cleft Palate: palatal shelf non-fusion
A baby is born with a cleft running from mouth corner toward the ear.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Paramedian Lip Pits
B. Van der Woude Syndrome
C. Lateral Facial Cleft
D. Commissural Lip Pits
C - Lateral Facial Cleft: maxillary-mandibular fusion failure
A child presents with paired pits at the vermilion border of the lower lip.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Van der Woude Syndrome
B. Commissural Lip Pits
C. Pierre Robin Sequence
D. Paramedian Lip Pits
D - Paramedian Lip Pits: bilateral lower lip invaginations
Multiple family members have cleft lip and distinct small lip pits.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Van der Woude Syndrome
B. Commissural Lip Pits
C. Pierre Robin Sequence
D. Apert Syndrome
A - Van der Woude Syndrome: lip pits with cleft lip/palate
A patient has unilateral pits at the corners of the mouth without clefts.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Pierre Robin Sequence
B. Commissural Lip Pits
C. Apert Syndrome
D. Crouzon Syndrome
B - Commissural Lip Pits: corner of mouth pits
A neonate has small jaw, tongue falls back, and airway obstruction.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Apert Syndrome
B. Crouzon Syndrome
C. Pierre Robin Sequence
D. Rieger Syndrome
C - Pierre Robin Sequence: micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate
A child shows fused skull sutures and webbed fingers on exam.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Crouzon Syndrome
B. Rieger Syndrome
C. Ectodermal Dysplasia
D. Apert Syndrome
D - Apert Syndrome: craniosynostosis with syndactyly
An infant with wide-set eyes and underdeveloped upper jaw is noted.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Crouzon Syndrome
B. Rieger Syndrome
C. Ectodermal Dysplasia
D. Cleidocranial Dysplasia
A - Crouzon Syndrome: craniosynostosis with maxillary hypoplasia
A patient has missing teeth and glaucoma in early childhood.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Ectodermal Dysplasia
B. Rieger Syndrome
C. Cleidocranial Dysplasia
D. Treacher Collins Syndrome
B - Rieger Syndrome: ocular defects with hypodontia
A child presents with sparse eyebrows, dry skin, and few teeth.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Cleidocranial Dysplasia
B. Treacher Collins Syndrome
C. Ectodermal Dysplasia
D. Down Syndrome
C - Ectodermal Dysplasia: sparse hair, missing teeth, dry skin
A patient demonstrates absent collarbones and extra deciduous teeth.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Treacher Collins Syndrome
B. Down Syndrome
C. Macroglossia
D. Cleidocranial Dysplasia
D - Cleidocranial Dysplasia: absent clavicles, supernumerary teeth
An infant has underdeveloped cheek bones and downward slanting eyes.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Treacher Collins Syndrome
B. Down Syndrome
C. Macroglossia
D. Ankyloglossia
A - Treacher Collins Syndrome: zygoma hypoplasia and ear defects
A child with trisomy 21 shows enlarged tongue and flattened facial profile.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Macroglossia
B. Down Syndrome
C. Ankyloglossia
D. Fissured Tongue
B - Down Syndrome: trisomy 21 with macroglossia
A toddler’s tongue extends beyond the alveolar ridge due to enlargement.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Ankyloglossia
B. Fissured Tongue
C. Macroglossia
D. Condylar Hyperplasia
C - Macroglossia: tongue enlargement
A child cannot lift the tongue tip due to a band of tissue under it.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Fissured Tongue
B. Condylar Hyperplasia
C. Condylar Hypoplasia
D. Ankyloglossia
D - Ankyloglossia: short lingual frenum limiting movement
An adult shows deep grooves across the top surface of the tongue.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Fissured Tongue
B. Condylar Hyperplasia
C. Condylar Hypoplasia
D. Hemihyperplasia
A - Fissured Tongue: dorsal tongue fissures
A teenager has one side of the lower jaw noticeably larger than the other.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Condylar Hypoplasia
B. Condylar Hyperplasia
C. Hemihyperplasia
D. Cerebral Palsy
B - Condylar Hyperplasia: unilateral mandibular overgrowth
A patient has a small underdeveloped mandible causing malocclusion.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Hemihyperplasia
B. Cerebral Palsy
C. Condylar Hypoplasia
D. Ectopic Tooth Formation
C - Condylar Hypoplasia: mandibular underdevelopment
A patient exhibits overgrowth of soft tissue on the right cheek only.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Cerebral Palsy
B. Ectopic Tooth Formation
C. Orofacial Digital Syndrome
D. Hemihyperplasia
D - Hemihyperplasia: unilateral tissue overgrowth
A young adult with cerebral palsy has drooling and malocclusion issues.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Cerebral Palsy
B. Ectopic Tooth Formation
C. Orofacial Digital Syndrome
D. Cleft Lip
A - Cerebral Palsy: neuromuscular disorder affecting orofacial muscles
A soft tissue mass resembling a tooth is found in the buccal mucosa.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Orofacial Digital Syndrome
B. Ectopic Tooth Formation
C. Cleft Lip
D. Cleft Palate
B - Ectopic Tooth Formation: tooth in soft tissue
A female newborn has oral clefts and extra digits on her hands.
Which of the following diagnoses best fits this presentation?
A. Cleft Lip
B. Cleft Palate
C. Orofacial Digital Syndrome
D. Lateral Facial Cleft
C - Orofacial Digital Syndrome: oral and digital malformations
