1-OTC digestion

Question 1

what kind of drug is gaviscon

Answer 1

alginate

Question 2

how do alginates work

Answer 2

form floating barrier (CO2 bubbles) making a physical barrier to prevent acid from exiting the stomach

Question 3

magnesium hydroxide antacids side effects

Answer 3

diarrhea

no burp

Question 4

aluminum hydroxide antacids side effects

Answer 4

constipation

no burp

Question 5

Mg antacids or Al antacids bind to phosphates

what does this do

Answer 5

Al

causes excess phosphate elimination via GIT

Question 6

people with chronic kidney disease should avoid Mg or Al antacids

why

Answer 6

Mg because they may have trouble eliminating the Mg

it can mess with Ca channels in the heart

Question 7

ENO what type

Answer 7

sodium bicarbonate

Question 8

TUMS what type

Answer 8

calcium carbonate

Question 9

which antacids make CO2

Answer 9

ENO and TUMS

Question 10

which antacids dont make CO2

Answer 10

Al and Mg

Question 11

which antacisd are systemic antacids

Answer 11

ENO

Question 12

what is a systemic antacid

Answer 12

when there is some antacid that didnt react with HCL which escapes GIT and enters systemic circulation

Question 13

systemic alkalosis

Answer 13

blood pH raises

Question 14

main function of H2 receptors

Answer 14

mediate gastric acid secretion

Question 15

where histamine released in stomach

Answer 15

ECL cells

Question 16

what does activation of H2 receptors do in tummy

Answer 16

increase cAMP, increase acid secretion

Question 17

what is not affected in parietal cell when H2 deactivated

Answer 17

acetylcholine M3 receptors and gastrin

Question 18

Cimetidine

Answer 18

histamine H2 antagonist, first one

Question 19

Ranitidine (Zantac)

Answer 19

second H2 antagonist, less side effects

Question 20

something bad about cimetidine

Answer 20

inhibited CYP enzymes, could be bad when taken with other drugs

Question 21

Mu opioid receptors role

what agonist do

where found

Answer 21

regulate movement in gut and fluid retention

inhibits peristalsis and fluid building

myenteric and submucosal plexus

Question 22

loperamide what kind of drug

Answer 22

antidiarrheal, mu opiod receptor agonist

Question 23

4 groups of laxatives

Answer 23

osmotic, bulk, wetting, stimulants

Question 24

what do osmotic laxatives do

Answer 24

increase fluid volume

By adding poorly absorbed molecules that increase flow into bowel

Question 25

what do bulk laxatives do

Answer 25

psyllium poweder forms gelatinous mass in water, stimulates peristalsis

Question 26

what do wetting agent laxatives do

Answer 26

lubricate for easy passage

detergents to help stool absorb water

Question 27

what do stimulants laxatives do

Answer 27

irritant of enteric nerves that stimulate peristalsis and water movement into lumen, less water removed from gut