10: Intellectual disability Flashcards
What is Intellectual disability? (ID)
IQ below 55
What is mild ID?
IQ between 55-70
What is Mild-to-borderline ID (MBID)?
IQ between 70-85 & limited adaptive functioning
What is limited adaptive functioning?
Deficits in adaptive functioning that result in faulure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility. In one or more activities in daily life.
What are the three domains of adaptive functioning?
Conceptual
Social
Practical
Whats the prevalence in society? And in forensic setting?
13% and 30-40%
Overrepresentation in forensic setting
Prevalence higher than ASS and ADHD combined
What can you say about school and MBID?
Children with borderline intelligence are at risk for chronic educational failure, abscence from school, repetition of grades and dropout or expulsion from school
- Suspension is one of the best predictors for delinquency
What does MBID look like?
Cant see! Is a brain thing.
Often mistaken for other disorders
What underlies MBID?
Executive functioning + Social adaptive functioning
What are the 4 different types of attention?
Sustained attention
Devided attention
Focused attention
Selective attention
What are the EFs where it goes wrong in MBID?
Attention
Processing speed
Inhibiton
Working memory
What about Stress + EF?
Stress limits the working memory
- Peer pressure is a huge stressor
What can you say about brain development in adolescence and MBID?
Disbalance in limbic system + prefrontal cortex
Even bigger in MBID and always stays
Whats social adaptive functioning?
- Emotion recognition
- Understanding of emotion
- Perspective taking & ToM
- Social skills
- Problem solving skills
What are parts of SAF?
Attention Selection/encoding Emotion (good but slow) Interpretation Response generation Response choice Execution of response Evaluation of response
