Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Flashcards
Common Facts
Name: ACE Inhibitors
Ending: -pril
Used to Treat: Cardiovascular conditions (hypertension)
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits activity of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) which stops angiotensin I from being converted to angiotensin II
Reduces angiotensin II and aldosterone levels
Angiotensin II=potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates release of aldosterone
Aldosterone=hormone that contributes to increased blood pressure
Cause accumulation of bradykinins which reduces peripheral resistance
Bradykinins=peptides that produce dilation of arteries
Therapy
First line therapy for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
fosinopril=good choice for patients with decreased kidney function
Enalapril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, trandalopril=prodrugs
Prodrugs are not first choice for patients with decreased liver function
Captopril and lisinopril=active compounds
fosinopril=50% eliminated by kidney and 50% eliminated by liver
Notes
All other ACEI’s eliminated 90% by the kidney
Contraindicated in pregnancy
Interfere with fetal development of kidneys or cause fetal death
Common Adverse Reaction
Dry cough caused by accumulation of bradykinins
Hypotension, lightheadness
Common Auxiliary Labels
May cause dizziness or lightheadedness
May cause dry cough; if it persists, report to your doctor
Common Doses
Most often once daily dosing (QAM)
Accupril
Generic name: quinapril
Tablets: 5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mg
Altace
Generic name: Ramipril
Capsules and tablets: 1.25mg, 2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg
Capoten
Generic name: captopril
Tablets: 12.5mg, 25mg, 50mg, 100mg
Coversyl
Generic name: perindopril
Tablets: 2mg, 4mg, 8mg
Inhibace
Generic name: cilazapril
Tablets: 1mg, 2.5mg, 5mg
Lotensin
Generic name: benazepril
Tablets: 5mg, 10mg, 20mg
Mavik
Generic name: trandolapril
Capsules: 1mg, 2mg, 4mg
Monporil
Generic name: fosinopril
Tablets: 10mg, 20mg
