3.1,2,3,4: Metabolism And Law Of Thermodynamics

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

All of the chemical reactions in an organism

Question 2

What are metabolic pathways?

Answer 2

• series of chemical reactions that either build complex molecules or break down complex molecules

Question 3

What are the two types of metabolic pathways?

Answer 3

Catabolic amd anabolic pathways

Question 4

What are catabolic pathways?

Answer 4

• pathways that release energy by breaking down complex molecukes into simpler compounds

Question 5

What are anabolic pathways?

Answer 5

Pathways that consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler compounds

Question 6

What is the definition of energy?

Answer 6

The ability to do work

Question 7

Why do organisms need energy?

Answer 7

To survive and function

Question 8

What happens if there is a loss in energy flow?

Answer 8

Death

Question 9

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 9

Energy associated with motion

Question 10

What is thermal energy a type of energy of?

Answer 10

Type of kinetic energy

Question 11

What is thermal energy?

Answer 11

Energy associated with the movement of atoms or molecules

Question 12

What is potential energy?

Answer 12

Stored energy

Question 13

What is chemical energy a subdivision of?

Answer 13

Potential energy

Question 14

What is chemical energy?

Answer 14

Potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction

Question 15

What is the Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 15

The study of energy transformations in matter

Question 16

What does the law of thermodynamics apply to?

Answer 16

The universe as a whole

Question 17

What is the 1st law of thermodynamics? (2)

Answer 17

• energy cannot be created or destroyed

- energy can be transferred or transformed

Question 18

In relation to the 1st law, how does the squirrel eating then climbing the tree represent the law?

Answer 18

The chemical (potential) energy stored in the nut will be transformed into kinetic energy for the squirrel to climb the tree

Question 19

What is entropy? (2)

Answer 19

Disorder of the universe

Aka level of disorganization

Question 20

What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics? (2)

Answer 20

• Energy transformation increases entropy of thw universe

- during energy transfers or transformations, some energy is unusable and often lost as heat

Question 21

Why do scientists use the concept of free energy?

Answer 21

To determine the likelihood of reactions in organism, or if the reactions are energetically

Question 22

What does the free energy change of reactions determine?

Answer 22

Whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously

Question 23

What does it mean for a reaction to occur spontaneously?

Answer 23

No outside input of energy required

Question 24

Based on free energy changes, chemical reactions can be classified as _____ or _____.

Answer 24

Exergonic or endergonic

Question 25

What are exergonic reactions?

Answer 25

• reactions that release energy

- ex. Cellular respiration

Question 26

What is an endergonic reaction?

Answer 26

• reaction that absorbs energy

- ex. Photosynthesis