8.1: Innate Behaviours Flashcards
1
Q
What are fixed action patterns (FAP)?
A
- a sequence of unlearned acts directly linked to a stimulus
2
Q
What occurs in fixed action patterns? (3)
A
- actions are unchangeable
- carried out to completion
- triggered by a sign stimulus (external cue)
Ex. Make stickleback fish are triggered by colour red, become aggressive and attack
3
Q
What is the definition of migration?
A
- a regular, long-distance change in location
4
Q
What is migration triggered by? (4)
A
Environmental cues
- sun’s position
- Earth’s magnetic field
- celestial cues
5
Q
What is a signal? (2)
A
- A stimulus generated and transmitted from one animal to another
- Animal communication
Ex. Visual, auditory, tactile, electrical, chemical
6
Q
Signal: what are pheromones?
A
- chemicals emitted by members of the same species that can affect other members of the same species
7
Q
Signal: what is a stimulus response chain?
A
- When a response to a stimulus serves as the next stimulus for a behaviour
8
Q
Signal: how are body movements a signal? (2)
A
- seen in animal courtships
- ex. Waggle dance in bees
9
Q
Give an example of how honey bees use body movement signal.
A
- worker bees will gather around a bee that has returned after foraging.
- the returned bee will shake abdomen and form a figure eight shape to tell other bees the direction where food can be found
10
Q
Body Movements: what are directed movements?
A
- movements towards or away from a stimulus
11
Q
Body movement: what is kinesis? (2)
A
- A change in the rate of movement or the frequency of turning movements in response to a stimulus
- non directional
12
Q
Body movement: what is taxis?
A
- Directional movement towards (positive) or away from (negative) a stimulus
13
Q
What is phototaxis?
A
Movement in response to light
Ex. Euglena (algae) has an eyespot that allows it to move towards light in water
14
Q
What is chemotaxis?
A
Movement in response to chemical signals
15
Q
What is geotaxis?
A
- movement in response to gravity
