Autonomic Physiology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

A

The things you don’t want to think about, Smooth muscle surrounding blood vessels,Secretions from glandsFocusing of the eyeGI neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

SympatheticParasympatheticEnteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the myelination in pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic fibres in the autonomic nervous system?

A

Pre-ganglionic fibre is small myelinated, post- ganglionic fibre is unmyelinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the receptors in the NMJ versus the ANS?

A

NMJ is ionotropic meaning they are ion channelsANS is metabotropic meaning they are G-protein receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where do the nerves in the sympathetic nervous system leave the spine?

A

Thoracic and the lumbar region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do the ganglia lie in the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Paravertebral ganglia lie in the sympathetic trunk which is close to the spinal cord.Prevertebral ganglia lie in the collateral gangliaSo trunk = paravertebral, anything else = prevertebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of information does the ventral horn carry|?

A

neurons send fibres to the skeletal muscles, causing muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of information does the dorsal horn carry?

A

Receive sensory information from all around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

White ramus is what kind of ganglionic fibre and why?

A

Pre - ganglionic, because of the myelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the relevant neurotransmitters and receptors for the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic = noradrenaline and adrenaline - acts on adrenergic receptors alpha and betaParasympathetic nervous system = Acetylcholine - acts on cholinergenic receptors - muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the grey matter made up of?

A

Cell bodies of the axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is white matter made up of?

A

Axons linking the different parts of grey matter together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define ganglioin

A

A structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fibre.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do preganglionic fibres in the sympathetic nervous system work?

A

Release acetylcholine acting on nicotinic cholinergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do postganglionic fibres in the sympathetic nervous system work?

A

Release noradrenaline which acts on alpha and beta receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the structure of the postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla

A

No axon, instead noradrenaline (80%) and adrenaline (20%) is released into the blood.

17
Q

What is the adrenal medulla?

A

The central portion of the adrenal gland, secretes noradrenaline and adrenaline

18
Q

Where do nerves leave the spine in the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Cranial and sacral regions of the spine

19
Q

Where do the ganglia lie in the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Close to the target

20
Q

What do preganglionic and postganglionic receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system respond to?

A

Preganglionic = acetylcholine - nicotinic receptorsPostganglionic = acetylcholine - muscarinic receptors

21
Q

How are sweat glands innervated?

A

Sympathetic cholinergenic fibers

22
Q

What class of neurotransmitters are NO and peptides?

A

Nonchollinergenic and nonadregenic receptors