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Anatomy3651 > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the central nervous system?

A

brain, spinal cord

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2
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia

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3
Q

What are the two components of the functional nervous system?

A

sensory, motor

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4
Q

What part of the functional nervous system contains receptors and transmits info from receptors to the CNS?

A

sensory nervous system

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5
Q

What part of the functional nervous system transmits info from the CNS to the rest of the body and sends motor info to effectors?

A

motor nervous system

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6
Q

What type of sensory receives sensory info from skin and special senses (i.e. touch, vision, taste, hearing, etc.) and is what you are aware of?

A

somatic

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7
Q

What type of sensory receives sensory info from viscera (i.e. blood vessels, organs) and is what you are not aware of?

A

visceral

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8
Q

What type of motor is voluntary and innervates the skeletal muscles?

A

somatic

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9
Q

What type of motor is involuntary and innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands?

A

autonomic

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10
Q

What is the term for the functional cells of nervous tissue?

A

neurons

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11
Q

Neurons have a _____ metabolic rate

A

high

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12
Q

Neurons rely on a constant supply of _____ and _____

A

glucose, oxygen

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13
Q

Neurons have ____ longevity

A

extreme

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14
Q

Neurons can ____ but cannot _____

A

change, divide

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15
Q

Neuron change is neurons _____ themselves

A

repairing

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16
Q

A ______ neuron carries sensation from the skin

A

unipolar

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17
Q

The parts of a unipolar neuron are _____, _______, _______, and ___ _____

A

dendrites, peripheral process, central process, cell body

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18
Q

Dendrites of a unipolar neuron are embedded in the _____

A

skin

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19
Q

The ____ process of the unipolar neuron transfers the impulses from the skin to the cell body

A

peripheral

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20
Q

The _____ process of the unipolar neuron carries the impulses from the cell body to the CNS

A

central

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21
Q

The ______ neurons contain an axon

A

multipolar

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22
Q

The parts of a multipolar neuron are _____, ___ ____, and _____

A

dendrites, cell body, axons

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23
Q

_____ neurons carry impulses from neurons to other neurons

A

multipolar

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24
Q

The axon of the multipolar neurons carries _____ away from the cell body

A

impulses

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25
Q

A ____ sheath covers the axon

A

myelin

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26
Q

The cross section of the ____ _____ contains gray and white matter

A

spinal cord

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27
Q

Gray matter is in the shape of a _____

A

butterfly

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28
Q

____ matter contains the axons of myelinated interneurons and does not contain cell bodies

A

white

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29
Q

The ____ horn is on the anterior side of the spinal cord

A

ventral

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30
Q

The ____ horn is on the posterior side of the spinal cord

A

dorsal

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31
Q

____ neurons have receptors in the skin

A

unipolar

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32
Q

Impulses traveling from the unipolar receptors in skin is called _____/_____ transmission

A

afferent, input

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33
Q

A collection of cell bodies from unipolar neurons that create a bump is called ___ ____ _____

A

posterior root ganglion

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34
Q

The_____ is found within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, is multipolar, and sends impulses to the motor neuron

A

interneuron

35
Q

Some impulses can go directly to the ______ from the ______ when no muscular action is needed (you just need to be made aware of a sensation)?

A

brain, interneuron

36
Q

The motor neuron is located in the ____ horn of the spinal cord

A

ventral

37
Q

_____ matter is made mostly of nerve cell bodies without any myelin

A

grey

38
Q

The ____/_____ transmission goes from the motor neuron to the axons and sends impulses to the skeletal muscles to perform movement

A

efferent, output

39
Q

____ cells are also called nerve glue, and are found within the CNS and PNS

A

glial

40
Q

___ cells are capable of mitosis

A

glial

41
Q

____ cells are neurological support cells

A

glial

42
Q

Do glial cells transport impulses?

A

no

43
Q

Glial cells assist _____ with their functions

A

neurons

44
Q

Glial cells ____ and ______ neurons

A

protect, nourish

45
Q

Are there more neurons or glial cells?

A

glial cells

46
Q

____ cells account for half of the volume of the nervous system

A

glial

47
Q

How many CNS glial cells are there?

A

4

48
Q

How many PNS glial cells are there?

A

2

49
Q

What are the four CNS glial cells?

A

astrocyte, ependymal, microglial, oligodendrocytes

50
Q

What are the 2 PNS glial cells?

A

satellite, neurolemmocytes

51
Q

What type of glial cell determines the nutrients that neurons need from blood vessels and determines what leaves blood vessels?

A

astrocytes

52
Q

What type of glial cell fills the empty space created when neurons die?

A

astrocytes

53
Q

The _____ _____ is an appendage that surrounds and regulates blood vessels

A

perivascular feet

54
Q

Perivascular feet are part of ____ cells

A

astrocyte

55
Q

The _____ is a tube of simple squamous epithelia

A

capillary

56
Q

The continuous basement membrane of the brain capillaries is ____ with no _____

A

perfect, holes

57
Q

The blood brain barrier contains _____, _____, and ______

A

tight junctions, basement membranes, perivascular feet

58
Q

_____ are fluid filled cavities of the brain

A

ventricle

59
Q

The ____ of the brain are filled with cerebro-spinal fluid and circulate and ventilate the brain from the inside out

A

ventricles

60
Q

The ___ ____ ____ is within ventricles and is derived from the blood stream

A

cerebro-spinal fluid

61
Q

The ____ ____ is associated with ependylam cells

A

choroid plexus

62
Q

The _____ _____ is composed of ependymal cells and is a barrier between blood and CSF

A

choroid plexus

63
Q

The_____ cells are janitors that clean debris, such as dead neurons

A

microglial

64
Q

The smallest glial cells are the _____

A

microglial

65
Q

____ cells grab axons and provide myelin insulation

A

oligodendrocytes

66
Q

_____ cells myelenate axons

A

oligodendrocytes

67
Q

______ axons increases production velocity (speed at which neurons complete impulses)

A

myelenating

68
Q

_____ has to enter the cell down the entire length of the fiber on an unmyelinated neuron

A

sodium

69
Q

An impulses causes a reverse in _____

A

polarity

70
Q

When a neuron is myelenated, sodium only has to enter at the _____

A

nodes

71
Q

______ are gaps and are the location where reversal of polarity occurs

A

nodes

72
Q

____ cells cover unipolar cell bodies, bring in nutrients, and remove waste

A

satellite

73
Q

___ cells attach to cells in small axons or peripheral nerves for life

A

neurommocytes

74
Q

_____ is the connective tissue surrounding a single axon

A

endoneurium

75
Q

_____ is the connective tissue surrounding an axon fascicle

A

perineurium

76
Q

______ is the connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve

A

epineurium

77
Q

A peripheral nerve injury results in the severing of _____

A

axons

78
Q

The severing on an axon results in the loss of function of ____ and ____

A

sensation, motor

79
Q

______ form a regeneration tube and release nerve growth factor

A

neurolemmocytes

80
Q

The axon degenerates in the ____ region after axon trauma

A

distal

81
Q

The end of the neuron is ____ and ____ to prevent leaking of cytoplasm

A

sealed, swollen

82
Q

_____ accompanies axon growth after axon trauma

A

remyelination

83
Q

Sensation is restored when the axon is reconnected to the _____

A

effector

Anatomy3651 (33 decks)

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