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anatomy3651 > Pathways and Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Pathways and Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Within white matter, what is the area between the central canal and the dorsal horn?

A

posterior funiculus

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2
Q

Within white matter, what is the large area between the dorsal and ventral horns?

A

lateral funiculus

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3
Q

Within white matter, what is the area below the ventral horns?

A

anterior funiculus

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4
Q

What is the name of the pathway for precise touch from the skin?

A

posterior funiculus- medial lemniscal pathway

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5
Q

What would happen if you caused damage to the posterior funiculus?

A

numbness of the same side of the body below the injury site

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6
Q

What would happen if you caused damage to the medial lemniscus?

A

loss of sensation from the neck down on the opposite side of the body

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7
Q

In the skin pathway, the touch from the skin goes from the ___ _____ to the _____ ___ _____

A

medulla oblongata, post central gyrus

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8
Q

In the skin pathway, the ____ _____ ascend in the __ _____

A

central processes, posterior funiculus

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9
Q

In the skin pathway, precise touch from the skin crosses sides of the body in what structure?

A

medulla oblongata

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10
Q

What is the name of the pathway from the cortex to the spinal cord?

A

corticospinal pathway

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11
Q

What would result from damage to the lateral funiculus?

A

loss of 85% of strength of muscles of the same side of the body from point of injury down

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12
Q

What would result from damage at the anterior funiculus?

A

loss of 15% of strength of muscles on the opposite side of the body from point of injury down

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13
Q

The ___ ____ ____ takes 85% of neurons

A

lateral corticospinal tract

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14
Q

The ___ ___ ____ takes 15% of neurons

A

anterior corticospinal tract

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15
Q

Upper motor neurons in the muscle pathway start where?

A

pre central gyrus

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16
Q

_____% of UMN cross the body at the medulla oblongata

A

85

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17
Q

____ % of UMN cross the body at the anterior funiculus

A

15

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18
Q

In the motor pathway, _____ descend in the lateral and anterior funiculus to lower motor neurons

A

axons

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19
Q

The autonomic nervous system is also called the ___ ____ _____

A

visceral nervous system

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20
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

A

cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands

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21
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

sympathetics, parasympathetics

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22
Q

Digestive tract, bronchi, and blood vessels are examples of what?

A

smooth muscles

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23
Q

What is the first neuron in the autonomic system called?

A

presynaptic/preganglionic

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24
Q

what is the second neuron in the autonomic system called?

A

postsynaptic/postganglionic

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25
Q

the autonomic motor system differs in that it can cause ____ or ____ of the target

A

excitation, inhibition

26
Q

the point where presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons meet is called what?

A

ganglion

27
Q

sympathetics have _____ presynaptic neurons and ____ postsynaptic neurons

A

short, long

28
Q

parasympathetics have ____ presynaptic neurons and ____ postsynaptic neurons

A

long, short

29
Q

_____ is the neurotransmitter released by somatic motor neurons (skeletal muscle)

A

acetylcholine

30
Q

_____ is the neurotransmitter released by the pre and postsynaptic neurons of the parasympathetics

A

acetylcholine

31
Q

_____ is the neurotransmitter released by the presynaptic neurons of the sympathetics

A

acetylcholine

32
Q

_____ is the neurotransmitter released by the postsynaptic neurons of the sympathetics

A

norepinephrine

33
Q

___ and ____ are neurotransmitters that have opposite effects on the autonomic system

A

acetylcholine, norepinephrine

34
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for decreasing heart rate?

A

parasympathetics

35
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for brochioles constriction?

A

parasympathetics

36
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing digestion?

A

parasympathetics

37
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing salivation?

A

parasympathetics

38
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing lacrimation?

A

parasympathetics

39
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing heart rate?

A

symathetics

40
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for dilation of bronchioles?

A

symathetics

41
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for decreasing digestion?

A

symathetics

42
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for decreasing salivation?

A

sympathetics

43
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for decreasing lacrimation

A

sympathetics

44
Q

what part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing sweating?

A

sympathetics

45
Q

what are the four cranial nerves involved in parasympathetics?

A

oculomotor (3), facial (7), glossopharyngeal (9), and vagus (10)

46
Q

what are the two parasympathetic functions of the oculomotor nerve?

A

pupillary constriction, thickening of lens

47
Q

The sphincter pupillae causes what action in the parasympathetics?

A

pupillary constriction

48
Q

The cilliary muscle causes what action in the parasymathetics?

A

thickening of lens

49
Q

_____ constrict the pupil

A

parasympathetics (oculomotor nerve)

50
Q

______ dilate the pupil

A

sympathetics

51
Q

_____ controls focusing on distant vision

A

sympathetics

52
Q

____ controls focusing on near vision

A

parasympathetics

53
Q

Parasymapthetics from the facial nerve cause ____, ___ ____, and salivation

A

lacrimation, mucus production, salivation

54
Q

saliva comes from what 3 glands?

A

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

55
Q

parasympathetics from the vagus nerve cause ___ _____, decreased ___ ____, and increased ___ _______

A

bronchial constriction, heart rate, digestive action

56
Q

spinal cord segments ____-_____ deliver parasympathetics to pelvic organs and external genitalia

A

S2-S4

57
Q

Spinal nerves go to the ___ ____

A

body wall

58
Q

spinal nerves do not reach into ___ ____

A

body cavities

59
Q

The body wall includes the ____ wall, ____ wall, and _____

A

thoracic, abdominal, extremities

60
Q

The ____ _____ extends up into the neck and down into the pelvis

A

sympathetic chain/trunk

61
Q

spinal nerves reach body cavities via the ____ ______

A

splanchinic nerve

anatomy3651 (33 decks)

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