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AA Microbio Semifinal > II. Systemic Bacteriology | 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, Peptostreptococcus. > Flashcards

II. Systemic Bacteriology | 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, Peptostreptococcus. Flashcards

1
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
1. What are the features of Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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2
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
8. What are the features of CAMP test?

A
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3
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
2. What is the Microscopic morphology of S. agalactiae?

A

Gram-positive cocci, arranged in shorter or longer chains

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4
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
7. What do we get from Laboratory identification of S. agalactiae?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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5
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
3. What is the Colony morphology (cultivation) of S. agalactiae?

A

– larger colonies compared to S. pyogenes
– β-hemolysis
– requires blood agar

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6
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4A. What are the main features of S. agalactiae diseases?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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7
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4B. Explain the early onset of S. agalactiae diseases?

A
  • within 6 days
  • source: mother (perinatal infection) -> maternal screening!!
  • risk groups (e.g. low weight)
  • meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia
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8
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4C. explain the late onset of S. agalactiae diseases?

A
  • within 4 months
  • meningitis, bacteremia, osteoarthritis
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9
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
5. Why do we need S. agalactiae maternal screening?

A
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10
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
9. What are the treatment and prevention for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A
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11
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
10. Do we have vaccination for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

no vaccination
* vaccine development in early clinical phases
* based on capsular polysaccharide, surface proteins, or pili

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12
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
10. Do we have vaccination for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

no vaccination
* vaccine development in early clinical phases
* based on capsular polysaccharide, surface proteins, or pili

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13
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
1. What are the features of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A
  • No.1. causative agent of community acquired pneumonia (CAP)!
  • severe, lobar pneumonia
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14
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
2. Give the classification of pneumococcal infections

A
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15
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
3. How do we perform laboratory identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A
  1. microscope: Gram + diplococci
  2. culture: blood agar, 5% CO2
    - α-hemolysis, autolytic colonies
    - optochin sensitive
    - bile soluble
  3. Capsule detection
    - With antibody (capsule swelling test, agglutination)
    - capsular staining
  4. Optochin sensitivity
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16
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
4. How should the culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae in Laboratory identification be?

A

culture: blood agar, in 5% CO2
- α-hemolysis, autolytic colonies

17
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
4. How do we differentiate Streptococcus pneumoniae from he morphologically similar viridans streptococci?

A
  1. optochin sensitivity
  2. bile solubility
  3. detection of capsule
  4. serology
    - with antibody (capsule swelling test1, agglutination2)
    - capsular staining (India ink3)
18
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
5. What are the treatment and prevent for Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)?

A
  • penicillin susceptibility not 100% (but still >90%) -> testing!!
  • wide ‚intermediate’ category
  • alternative drug: macrolides (children!)
19
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
6. Do we need vaccine for Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)?

A

Vaccines: based on the capsular polysaccharide (subunit vaccine)
- 101 different capsular antigens (= 101 serotypes)
- vaccines contain only a portion of these

20
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7. What are the 3 types of Pneumococcal vaccines?

A
  1. Pneumovax 23
  2. Prevenar-13
  3. New conjugate vaccines coming soon
21
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7B. What are the feature of Pneumovax 23?

A
  • polysaccharide vaccine
  • for adults or >5y children
  • 23 capsular antigens (=serotypes)
22
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7C. What are the feature of Prevenar-13?

A
  • < 2 y children (at 2, 4, 12 months)
  • conjugated vaccine (=polysaccharide is conjugated to a carrier protein; PCV)
  • 13 serotypes (PCV-13)
23
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7D. What are the feature of Prevenar-13?

A
24
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
8. What are the features of Pneumococcus asymptomatic carriage?

A
25
Q

III. Enterococci
1. What are the 2 important species of Enterococci?

A

Enterococci (formerly streptococci)
- several species, but:
+) E. faecalis (80-90%)
+) E. faecium (5-15%)

26
Q

III. Enterococci
1. What are features of Enterococci?

A
  • Normal flora of the large intestine
  • Infections: nosocomial
  • E. faecalis (80-90%), E. faecium (5-15%)
27
Q

III. Enterococci
2. What is the Microscopic morphology of Enterococci?

A

Gram-positive cocci, arranged in pairs or short chains

28
Q

III. Enterococci
3. Describe Colony morphology (cultivation) of Enterococci

A

– non-fastidious (simple agar is sufficient)
– non-hemolytic (later weak α or β)
– resistant to bile, salt (6.5% NaCl), high T (60oC 30 min)
– chromogenic agar for the easy detection of VRE

29
Q

III. Enterococci
3. Describe Colony morphology (cultivation) of Enterococci

A

– non-fastidious (simple agar is sufficient)
– non-hemolytic (later weak α or β)
– resistant to bile, salt (6.5% NaCl), high T (60oC 30 min)
– chromogenic agar for the easy detection of VRE

30
Q

III. Enterococci
4. What are the treatments and prevention for Enterococci

A
31
Q

III. Enterococci
5. Do we have vaccination for Enterococci?

A

NO!

32
Q

IV. Peptostreptococcus
1. what are the features of Peptostreptococcus

A
  • normal flora of oral cavity, intestine and vagina
  • obligate anaerobe!
  • produce stinking gases
  • infections: abscesses (lung, brain)
  • treatment: metronidazole, clindamycin
33
Q

IV. Peptostreptoccus
2. What is the treatment for Peptostreptoccus?

A

metronidazole, clindamycin

34
Q

V. Extra
1. What a diagram to demonstrate Gram-positive lab algorithm?

A

AA Microbio Semifinal (99 decks)

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