III - A. Virology | 19. Flaviviruses

Question 1

I. Flaviviruses in general
1. What are the viruses belong to Flaviviruses?

Answer 1

• Yellow fever virus (YFV)
• Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV)
• Zika virus

Question 2

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
1. What is the source of infection of Flaviviruses?

Answer 2

infected vector (tick) => arthropod-borne virus (ARBOVIRUS)

Question 3

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
2. What is the route of transmission of Flaviviruses?

Answer 3

Through the bite of infected tick

Question 4

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
3. What is the pathomechanism of Flaviviruses?

Answer 4

• infects Langerhans cells of the skin
• spreads to lymphnodes then to the blood
• infects CNS neurons

Question 5

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
4. What are the signs and symptoms of Flaviviruses?

Answer 5

1. often asymptomatic
2. aspecific symptoms during viraemia, then 5-7 days of asymptomatic period
3. neurological symptoms in 10-30% of cases
   - fever, headache
   - neck stiffness
   - paresis, paralysis
   - death in 0,5-2% all cases
   - post-encephalitis syndrome (neuro-psychiatric diseases)

Question 6

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
5. What is the diagnosis for Flaviviruses?

Answer 6

liquor sample
- PCR
- virus isolation

Question 7

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
6. What is the therapy for Flaviviruses?

Answer 7

supportive

Question 8

I. Flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus)
6. What is the prevention for Flaviviruses?

Answer 8

Inactivated vaccine

Question 9

III. YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
1. What are the spread and location of yellow fever virus?

Answer 9

• Spread: Aedes moquitoes
• Location: Africa, South-America tropical, subtropical regions

Question 10

III. YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
2. What are the symptoms of yellow fever virus?

Answer 10

Acute viral haemorhagic disease
-1 week incubation time
- Fever, headache, after this:
- In 15-20% more severe form: liver damage, jaundice, kidney damage, haemorrhages, vomiting in this group mortality: 20-50%

Question 11

III. YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
3. What is the diagnosis for yellow fever virus?

Answer 11

Question 12

III. YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
4. What is the treatment for yellow fever virus?

Answer 12

Treatment: not available, only supportive care

Question 13

III. YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
5. What is the prevention for yellow fever virus?

Answer 13

Question 14

IV. Zika virus
1. How does Zika virus spread?

Answer 14

Spread:
- Aedes mosquito
- Tropical/subtropical regions
- Transplacental spread!!

Question 15

IV. Zika virus
2. What are the symptoms of Zika virus?

Answer 15

Question 16

IV. Zika virus
3. What are the diagnosis and treatment for Zika virus?

Answer 16

Question 17

IV. Zika virus
3. What are the diagnosis and treatment for Zika virus?

Answer 17

Question 18

IV. Zika virus
4. What is the prevention for Zika virus

Answer 18

• Avoid travel to affected areas while pregnant
• Safe sex during pregancy, if partner travelled to affected area Mosquito control

Question 19

IV. Zika virus
4. What is the prevention for Zika virus

Answer 19

• Avoid travel to affected areas while pregnant
• Safe sex during pregancy, if partner travelled to affected area Mosquito control