IIA. Systemic Bacteriology | 7. Escherichia coli.

Question 1

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
2. Describe microflora of the digestive system in the UPPER PART

Answer 1

• poor in bacteria (101-102/g in stomach)
• more than 104 CFU/g if the stomach pH is higher than 2

Question 1

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
1. What is The microflora of the digestive system influenced?

Answer 1

• throat flora
• the flora of the saliva
• food

Question 2

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
3. Describe microflora of the digestive system in the Duodenum

Answer 2

• 103-104 CFU/g
• Streptococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp.

Question 3

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
1. Describe microflora of the digestive system in the UPPER PART

Question 4

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
4. Describe microflora of the digestive system in the Ileum

Answer 4

Question 5

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
5A. Describe microflora of the digestive system in the Large intestine

Answer 5

Question 6

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
5B. What are obligate anaerobes in the Large intestine

Answer 6

Question 7

I. Basics - The microflora of the digestive system
5C. What are Facultative anaerobes in the Large intestine

Answer 7

• Enterococcus
• Enterobacteriaceae
• E. coli: only ~ 1% !

Question 8

I. Basics
6. What is the role of normal GI flora?

Answer 8

Question 9

I. Basics
7A. Explain Colonisation of the infants

Answer 9

Question 10

I. Basics
7B. What are the features of Caesarean section?

Answer 10

• Delayed colonisation
• Might be gastrointestinal and immunological problems in the future!

Question 11

I. Basics
7C. What are the Influencing factors in Colonisation of the infants?

Answer 11

• Mother’s dietary intake
• Breast feeding – Bifidobacterium versus bottle feeding – adult flora
• Premature infants, etc.

Question 12

I. Basics
8. What are the reasons for Imbalance of the GI normal flora?

Answer 12

• dietary changes
• wide spectrum antibiotic

Question 13

I. Basics
9. What is the result of Imbalance of the GI normal flora?

Answer 13

• absorption problems
• hypovitaminosis
• peristaltic problems
• increased gas production

Question 14

I. Basics
10. What is the Antibiotic effect

Answer 14

Question 15

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
1. What are the features of Enterobacteriaceae family?

Answer 15

Question 16

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
2. What is the morphology of Enterobacteriaceae family?

Answer 16

2-4 µm rod

Question 17

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
3. What do we cultivate Enterobacteriaceae family on?

Answer 17

Cultivation on selective culture medium

Question 18

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
4. What are Biochemical tests used for identification?

Answer 18

Question 19

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
5. Tick this table

Answer 19

Question 20

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
7. Make a schematic diagram of gram-negative rods facultative anaerobic attack sugars by fermentation oxidase-negative

Answer 20

Question 21

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
8. Make a schematic diagram of Enterobacteriaceae

Answer 21

Question 22

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
9. What are the Two main types of infectious disease associated with Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 22

• intestinal diseases
• extraintestinal diseases

Question 23

II. Enterobacteriaceae family
10. What are some human infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae family?

Answer 23

Question 24

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 11A. What are features of Extra intestinal infections?

Answer 24

Question 25

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 12. What are features of Urinary tract infections (UTI)?

Answer 25

Question 26

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 13. What are the features of nosocomial infections?

Answer 26

Question 27

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 14. What are the features of ESBL?

Answer 27

Question 28

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 15. What are the features of MBLs?

Answer 28

* Metallo-beta lactamases * Resistance to all β-lactams, including carbapenems ! * Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter

Question 29

II. Enterobacteriaceae family 16. What is the Treatment of Enterobacteriaceae infections?

Answer 29

Question 30

III. Escherichia coli 1. What are the features of Escherichia coli?

Answer 30

Question 31

III. Escherichia coli 2. What is the morphology of E.coli?

Answer 31

Morphology: 2-4 µm, flagellated rod

Question 32

III. Escherichia coli 3. What is the staining of E.coli?

Answer 32

Gram-negative

Question 33

III. Escherichia coli 4. How should we cultivate Escherichia coli?

Answer 33

normal agar, EMB agar

Question 34

III. Escherichia coli 5. What are the biochemical properties of Escherichia coli?

Answer 34

1/ glucose + 2/ lactose + 3/ indol + 4/ urease – 5/ H2S –

Question 35

III. Escherichia coli 5. Describe the antigenic structure?

Answer 35

„O” >180 „H” 55 „K” 100

Question 36

III. Escherichia coli 6. What are the intestinal infections caused by E.coli?

Answer 36

- EPEC enteropathogenic E. coli dyspepsia coli – colitis of the newborns - ETEC enterotoxic E.coli – cholera like diarrhea, „traveler's disease” - EIEC enteroinvasive E. coli - dysentery - EHEC enterohaemorrhagic E.coli, dysenteriform diarrhea - Enteroaggregative E. coli - EAEC

Question 37

III. Escherichia coli 7. What are the features of Enteropathogenic E. coli - EPEC?

Answer 37

* Attachment to the epithel cells of the small intestine * Children < 1 year * „dyspepsiacoli” * Outbreaksinnursing homes

Question 38

III. Escherichia coli 8A. What are the features of Enterotoxin producing E. coli - ETEC?

Answer 38

Question 39

III. Escherichia coli 8B. What is the therapy for Enterotoxin producing E. coli - ETEC?

Answer 39

antibiotics, fluid replacement

Question 40

III. Escherichia coli 9A. What are the features of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli - EHEC?

Answer 40

1. Shiga-like toxin or Verotoxin from Shigella on plasmid 2. Severe, bloody enteritis, without fever 3. Maybe HUS 4. Contaminated beef + milk

Question 41

III. Escherichia coli 9A. What is the therapy of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli - EHEC?

Answer 41

antibiotics, fluid replacement

Question 42

III. Escherichia coli 10A. What are the features of Enteroinvasive E. coli - EIEC?

Answer 42

Question 43

III. Escherichia coli 10B. What is the transmission of Enteroinvasive E. coli - EIEC?

Answer 43

– contact spread – less easy than Shigella

Question 44

III. Escherichia coli 11A. What are the features of Enteroaggregative E. coli - EAEC?

Answer 44

Question 45

III. Escherichia coli 12. What are the features of Neonatal menigitis caused by Escherichia coli?

Answer 45

Question 46

III. Escherichia coli 13. Look at this picture and explain E.coli

Answer 46