IIA. Systemic Bacteriology | 8. Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia.

Question 1

I. Klebsiella genus
1. What are the general features of Klebsiella genus?

Answer 1

1. Gram negative rod
2. Ubiquitous
3. Normal intestinal flora (Enterobacteriaceae)
4. Polysaccharide capsule
5. Non-motile
6. Lactose fermenter
7. Facultative anaerobe

Question 2

I. Klebsiella genus
2. Give examples of Klebsiella genus

Answer 2

K. pneumoniae
K. oxytoca
K. granulomatis
K. rhinoscleromatis
K. ozaenae

Question 3

I. Klebsiella genus
3. What are biochemical properties of Klebsiella genus?

Answer 3

Question 4

I. Klebsiella genus
4. Describe Pathogenesis & clinical features of Klebsiella genus

Answer 4

1. Facultative pathogens
2. Lobar pneumonia (Friedländer pneumonia) → K. pneumoniae
3. Urinary tract infections
4. Sinusitis, Otitis media, Cholecystitis, Cholangitis
5. Wound infections, Sepsis

Question 5

I. Klebsiella genus
5A. What is the diagnosis for Klebsiella genus?

Answer 5

Question 6

I. Klebsiella genus
5B. How should we use culture for the diagnosis of Klebsiella genus?

Answer 6

1. Simple agar: mucoid colonies with urine smell
2. EMB agar: purple colonies

Question 7

I. Klebsiella genus
5C. How should we use Biochemical tests for the diagnosis of Klebsiella genus?

Answer 7

glucose, lactose, urease + / indole, –

Question 8

I. Klebsiella genus
5D. How should we use serology for the diagnosis of Klebsiella genus?

Answer 8

capsule swelling test

Question 9

I. Klebsiella genus
6. What is the treatment for Klebsiella genus?

Answer 9

• Multidrug resistant
• ESBL
• MBL
• Antibiotic susceptibility test
• Carbapenems, Monobactams, Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides

Question 10

I. Klebsiella genus
7. what are the features of Klebsiella pneumonia?

Answer 10

1. Member of the normal intestinal flora
2. Diseases:
   ● lobar pneumonia
   ● UTI, sinusitis, otitis
   ● Wound infection

Question 11

I. Klebsiella genus
8. What is the feature of Klebsiella oxytoca?

Answer 11

iatrogenic
(relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.)

Question 12

I. Klebsiella genus
8. What is the feature of Klebsiella oxytoca?

Answer 12

iatrogenic
(relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.)

Question 13

I. Klebsiella genus
9. What is the feature of Klebsiella ozaenae?

Answer 13

Infection of mucous membrane in nasal cavity cavity

Question 14

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
1. What are the main features of Enterobacteriaceae Family?

Answer 14

● Naturally appearance: soil, water, vegetation and animals GI
● Morphology: 2-4 m rod
● Gram-negative
● Oxidase -negative
Either normal flora or cause pathogenesis
MOTILE

Question 15

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
2. What are the Two main types of infectious disease are associated with Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 15

● intestinal diseases
● extraintestinal diseases

Question 16

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
3. How do we cultivate Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 16

● non fastidious bacteria
● on selective medium (identification)

Question 17

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
4. How do we test Enterobacteriaceae Family?

Answer 17

● Sugar fermentation test
● Protein metabolism test

Question 18

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
5. What are the features of Enterobacteriaceae Nosocomial infections?

Answer 18

Question 19

II. Enterobacteriaceae Family
6. What is the treatment for Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 19

● β-lactam + enzyme inhibitor combination
● 3rd gen. cephalosporins
● carbapenems
● aminoglycosides
● fluoroquinolones

Question 20

III. Serratia Marcescens
1. What are the main features of Serratia Marcescens?

Answer 20

• Urease and catalase positive
• Slow lactose fermenter
• opportunistic pathogen
• nosocomial infections
• sepsis, UTI
• Produces a red pigment
• MOTILE