III - A. Virology | 16. Paramyxoviruses (Mumps and Morbillivirus)

Question 1

I. Basics
1. What are the 4 viruses belong Paramyxoviridae?

Answer 1

• measles virus
• parainfluenza virus
• mumps virus
• RSV virus

Question 2

I. Basics
2. What are the genetic material and morphology of Paramyxoviridae?

Answer 2

1/ - ssRNA genome
2/ helical capsid
3/ enveloped virus

Question 3

II. measles virus
1. Which genus does measles virus belong?

Answer 3

Morbillivirus

Question 4

II. Measles virus
2. What is the feature of Measles virus?

Answer 4

Surface protein: neuraminidase (NA)

Question 5

II. Measles virus
3. What is the source of infection of measles virus?

Answer 5

Infected individual

Question 6

II. Measles virus
4. What is the route of transmission of measles virus?

Answer 6

through respiratory droplets

Question 7

II. Measles virus
5. What is the pathomechanism?

Answer 7

• infects respiratory epithelial cells
• infects RES cells (liver, spleen) through 1st viraemia
• infects skin epithelium and neurons through 2nd viraemia
• rash is due to the immunreaction against infected epithelial cells
• the virus has an immunosuppressive effect

Question 8

II. Measles virus
6. What are the disease, signs and symptoms of measles virus?

Answer 8

• highly contagious!
• 7-13 days of incubation
• fever, coughing, conjunctivitis
• photophobia
• Koplik spots (small buccal ulcers)
• rash

Question 9

II. Measles virus
7. What are complications of measles virus?

Answer 9

• postinfection encephalitis (autoimmune disease, 7-10 days after disease onset)
• pneumonia
• SSPE (7 years after the acute infection, personality changes, blindness, memory issues, seizures)

Question 10

II. Measles virus
8. What is the diagnosis for Measles virus?

Answer 10

• based on signs and symptoms
• respiratory sample - PCR, antigen detection

Question 11

II. Measles virus
9. How do we preven Measles virus?

Answer 11

MMR vaccine

Question 12

III. Mumps
1. What is the source of infection of mumps virus?

Answer 12

Infected individual

Question 13

III. Mumps
2. What is the route of transmission of mumps virus?

Answer 13

Through respiratory droplets

Question 14

III. Mumps
3. What is the pathomechanism of mumps virus?

Answer 14

• infects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract
• infects the ductal cells of salivary glans through viraemia

Question 15

III. Mumps
4. What are disease, signs and symptoms of mumps virus?

Answer 15

• 10-14 days of incubation
• flu like symptoms
• painful and symmetric inflammation of salivary glands

Question 16

III. Mumps
5. What are the complications of mumps virus?

Answer 16

1. Can cause pancreatitis or orchitis => leads to sterility!
2. Meningoencephalitis

Question 17

III. Mumps
6. What is the diagnosis of mumps virus?

Answer 17

• based on signs and symptoms
• virus detection from different samples (PCR, ELISA)

Question 18

III. Mumps
7. How do we prevent mumps?

Answer 18

MMR vaccine