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mski > S1_L2_MSKI - 7-10 > Flashcards

S1_L2_MSKI - 7-10 Flashcards

1
Q

CORTICAL bones are __ in MRI

A

dark

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2
Q

bursa appears __ in t2

A

white

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3
Q

in t2 mri of the shoulder, it will look __

A

dark bc of fat conteent

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4
Q

ELEMENTS OF AN MRI SCANNER

A

magnet
gradient coils
rf coils
workstation
computer

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5
Q

Rests within a gantry large enough for the
human body and within the necessary receiver coils

A

magnet

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6
Q

The magnet has a field strength of around _ Tesla

A

0.3 – 3

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7
Q

1 Tesla = __ time the Earth’s magnetic field

A

20,000

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8
Q

_are also common where the patient is not fully surrounded by a magnet

A

Open scanners

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9
Q

how many gradient coils

A

3

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10
Q

Three gradient coils, one for each
__ are located within the _ of the MRI unit

A

orthogonal plane, core

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11
Q

The _ produce sequential
variations in the magnetic field that are used for providing _

A

gradient coils, spatial info

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12
Q

RF COILS serves 2 prposes

A

○ (1) Transmission of RF pulses that alter
the alignment of the protons
○ (2) Receive the signals emitted from the
protons

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13
Q

Send and receives radiofrequency, which
in turn uses it to create pictures of the
body

A

rf coils

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14
Q

Encircles the patient for the reception of larger areas
such as the hip, spine, and pelvis

A

● Body Coil

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15
Q

gradient coil is Too large for the resolution of smaller joints t or f

A

f, rf coil

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16
Q

Imaging protocols are selected by the MRI technologist or
radiologist prior to imaging

A

WORKSTATION

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17
Q

Directs the scanning process, converts data from
the RF coils and reconstructs the images

A

COMPUTER

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18
Q

computer converts data from __

A

rf coils

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19
Q

Direct of the scanning process, converts the data that is
received by the radiofrequency
coils and reconstructs it

A

computer

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20
Q

Greater ability to scan
claustrophobic/obese patients in MRI

A

open scanners

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21
Q

Reduction of scanning noise in what ype of mri scanner

A

open scanners

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22
Q

Ability to examine joints in WB conditions
to be able to detect protrusions,
herniations and spinal stenosis

A

upright scanners

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23
Q

Possibilities for performing tests or
procedures during scanning

A

open scanners

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24
Q

there is _ field strength, requiring adjustment of imaging sequences in open
scanner

A

lower

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25
Q

there is higer signal to noise ration in open scanners t or f

A

f, lower

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26
Q

○ Longer scanning times in open scanners t or f

A

t

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27
Q

Ability to examine patients too big to fit into the bore of the
magnet or must be scanned in the upright position for patients
with medical conditions such as
heart failure or seer thoracic kyphosis

A

UPRIGHT SCANNERS

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28
Q

Longer scanning times in both upright and open t orf

A

t

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29
Q

Possible image degradation in open t or f

A

f, iin upright

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30
Q

Placement of the patient in a painful
position which may increase movement which will
lead to decreased image quality in open t or f

A

f, in upright

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31
Q

As much as possible, you can move in MRI t or f

A

f, cannot move in MRI

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32
Q

Coronal Images are viewed from the _ (facing the patient)

A

front

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33
Q

● Axial images are viewed from _

A

below

34
Q

Sagittal images are viewed from _
for either side of the body

A

left to right

35
Q

T1: FAT

A

high signal intesnity

36
Q

T1: free water

A

low signal intesnity

37
Q

T1: red bone marrow

A

intermediate intensity

38
Q

T1: yelllow bone marrow

A

high signal intesnity

39
Q

T2: fat

A

intermediate singal density

40
Q

T2: free water

A

high signal intesnity

41
Q

T1/T2 for tnedons lig, menisci

A

Low signal intensity

42
Q

T1/t2: cortical bone

A

Low signal intensity

43
Q

T1: muscles

A

internmediate signal intensity

44
Q

T2: muscles

A

intermediate but slghtly lower

45
Q

T1: cartilage

A

intermediate

46
Q

T2: cartilage

A

intermediate

47
Q

T1: acute

A

high signal intensity

48
Q

T2 acute

A

low to moderate signal intensity

49
Q

Moderate to high intensities on both T1
and T2 weighted images in what hemorrhage

A

subacute hemrrohage

50
Q

t1 chronic hemorrhage

A

variable intesnity

51
Q

t2 chornic hemorrhage

A

high signal intesnity

52
Q

INFLAMMATION & OTHER PATHOLOGY
THAT INC FREE WATER CONTENT in T1

A

low signal intesnity

53
Q

INFLAMMATION & OTHER PATHOLOGY
THAT INC FREE WATER CONTENT in T2

A

increased signal intensity

54
Q

PROLIFERATED SYNOVIUM ASSOCIATED WITH RA in T1/T2

A

● Intermediate to high density on both

55
Q

Associated with infiltration of fate and fluid

A

muscle atrophy

56
Q

t1 t2 muscle atrophy?

A

Increased signal intensity on T1 and T2
weighted images

57
Q

Contain little to no free water in _

A

soft tissue calcifications

58
Q

t1/t2 of soft tissue calcifications

A

low siignal intesnity

59
Q

SOFT TISSUE TUMORS has __

A

high free water content

60
Q

t1 soft tissue

A

low signal intesnity

61
Q

t2 soft tissue

A

high signal intesnity

62
Q

BONE TUMORS t1/t2

A

Various intensities, depends on osteolytic or osteogenic

63
Q

Displayed as straight or serpingious (worm-like) lines of
low signal intensities on both T1 and T2

A

ACUTE FRACTURES

64
Q

These lines are typically surrounded by _ in acute fx

A

bone marrow edema

65
Q

t1 acute fx

A

low singal intesnity

66
Q

t2 acute fx

A

high signal intesnity

67
Q

May display as bone bruises,

A

stress fx

68
Q

t1 stress fx

A

low signal intesnity

69
Q

t2 stress fx

A

high signal intensity

70
Q

MRI Has replaced _ for the detection of meniscal tears

A

athroscopy,

71
Q

t or f use ct scan for Disc herniation and nerve root impingement

A

f, mri

72
Q

Ability to stage neoplasms in bone and soft tissues as well as the
extent of soft tissue
invasion

A

mri

73
Q

Soft tissue detail esp for sports injuries such as tendons,
ligaments, menisci, etc.

A

mri

74
Q

Changes and variations in bone marrow for the
diagnosis of bone tumors, stress fractures, and avascular necrosis

A

mri

75
Q

LIMITATIONS OF MRI

A

● Imaging of cortical bone
● Length of time needed to produce and image
● High cost for imaging

76
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS & HEALTH CONCERNS

A

● Ferromagnetic surgical clips can be displaced
● Orthopedic hardware can cause image
distortion
● Possible malfunctioning of a pacemaker
within or near the magnetic field
● Claustrophobia
● Children and patients who are not able to stay
still need to be sedated

77
Q

Displacement of brain aneurysm clips
can cause __

A

fatal hemorrhages

78
Q

Creates images based on the radiodensity of tissues

A

CT SCAN

79
Q

Creates images based on the energy emitted from
hydrogen protons in water or soft tissues

A

MRI

80
Q

● Less expense
● Greater availability
● Faster imaging times
● Thinner slices
● Less loss of image
quality owing to
motion
● Easier imaging of
individuals with metal implants

A

CT SCAN

81
Q

● Greater contrast resolution for soft tissue imaging
● Greater ability to image organs surrounded by dense bones structures
● No ionizing radiation
● Less risk of missing disease processes missed by one sequence are picked up
by using another sequcne

A

MRI

mski (28 decks)

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