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mski > S1_L5_Obj - 2-4 > Flashcards

S1_L5_Obj - 2-4 Flashcards

1
Q

Phase 2 is known as the _

A

soft swishing sound

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2
Q

phase 3 is known as the _

A

crisp sound

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3
Q

phase 4 is known as the _

A

blowing sound

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4
Q

after phase 4, what do u hear?

A

none, phase 5 is silence

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5
Q

what mmHg do u hear phase 1

A

120-110

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6
Q

what mmHg do u hear phase 2

A

110-100

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7
Q

what mmHg do u hear phase 3

A

100-90

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8
Q

what mmHg do u hear phase 4

A

90-80

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9
Q

what mmHg do u hear phase 5

A

<80

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10
Q

the BP cuff should be a _ machine

A

well-calibrated

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11
Q

the sphygmomanometer should be set at _

A

0 mmHg

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12
Q

Pt should be seated quietly for _ min before getting the BP

A

5 mins

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13
Q

what to refrain prior to taking BP

A

Refrain from smoking or ingesting caffeine 30 min prior

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14
Q

Refrain from smoking or ingesting caffeine _ min prior

A

30 mins

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15
Q

_ (rubber in the cuff) should encircle at least how many percent of
(lower or upper?) arm

A

bladder, 80%, upper

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16
Q

bladder should be how many inches above what landmark

A

1-2 inches above the antecubital fossa

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17
Q

__ of stethoscope should be tilted _; placed
above what artery

A

earpieces, forward, brachial artery

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18
Q

why does it need to be tilted forward?

A

Tilted forward to be aligned to eustachian tube

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19
Q

Quickly inflate to how many mmHg above what sound

A

> 20 mmHg above the 1st Korotkoff sound

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20
Q

If it’s the first time to meet pt or not sure of the baseline of pt, what to do?

A

palpate and locate pulse first and identify on what pressure does it disappear (more accurate than asking pt for baseline BP)

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21
Q

how many mmHg/second will u release the pressure?

A

slowly release the pressure, 2-3 mmHg/seconds

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22
Q

how many BP measurements will you take?

A

At least 2 measurements (minimum of 1-2 min apart), then
take the average

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23
Q

Decreased orthostatic tolerance is called

A

POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION (OH)

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24
Q

postural OH is the sudden drop in SBP of at least _ or drop in DBP of
at least _ AND what percent increase in pulse rate

A

Sudden drop in SBP of at least 20 mmHg or drop in DBP of at least 10 mmHg
and 10-20% increase in pulse rate

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25
Q

associated sx of postural OH

A

diaphoresis,
cyanosis,
sudden LOC

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26
Q

OH requires what vital signs?

A

BP and HR

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27
Q

postural OH occurs within _ mins of what position after being _ for
how many minutes or at what percent on a tilt table

A

3, upright/standing, supine, 5, 60% angle

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28
Q

att what time will u take BP for OH pts?

A

Take BP: 5 min after supine (going to sitting);
1 min & 3 min after standing

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29
Q

Other manifestations of OH

A

dizziness, lightheadedness, pallor,
diaphoresis (excessive sweating), syncope

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30
Q

Full 60-second count in RR and HR recommended for _

A

cardioulmonary pts

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31
Q

normal RR

A

12-20 cpm

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32
Q

tachypnea

A

> 20 cpm (fast)

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33
Q

bradypnea

A

<12 cpm (slow)

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34
Q

different respiratory rates

A

○ Normal: 12-20 cpm
○ Tachypnea: >20 cpm (fast)
○ Bradypnea: <12 cpm (slow)
○ Variable

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35
Q

Depth of respiratory rate:

A

normal, deep, shallow, variable

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36
Q

Rhythm of RR

A

regular or irregular

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37
Q

Character

A

effort or effortless

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38
Q

Body _ represents the balance between the heat produced or acquired
by the body and the amount lost

A

temperature

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39
Q

Body temperature represents the _ between the heat _ or acquired
by the body and the amount _

A

balance, produced, lost

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40
Q

Normothermic/Afebrile (adults):

A

36.0-37.50C / 96.8-99.50F

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41
Q

what part of hand do you use to palpate?

A

dorsal hand

42
Q

greater than the normal values of temp

A

febrile

43
Q

febrile also called

A

fever or pyrexia

44
Q

Hyperpyrexia/Hyperthermia: what temp

A

> 41.1C/106F

45
Q

Hypothermia: what temp

A

<35.0C / 95 F

46
Q

Location of Measurement for temp

A

oral, axillary, rectal, tympanic

47
Q

taking temp orally is recommended t or f

A

f, Oral is now not recommended since there is mercury
(toxic);

48
Q

Thermometer types

A

hand-held electronic oral,
hand-held electronic external ear,
clinical glass,
thermal scanners

49
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION (2)

A

● Arterial Blood Oxygen Saturation (SaO2)
● Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)

50
Q

Arterial Blood Oxygen Saturation also called as _

A

SaO2

51
Q

Peripheral Oxygen Saturation also called as _

A

SpO2

52
Q

assesses O2 saturation of hemoglobin

A

pulse oximeter

53
Q

pulse oximeter assesses O2 saturation of _

A

hemoglobin

54
Q

Should be complemented by other vital signs and objective findings

A

Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)

55
Q

_is a relative contraindication for pulse oximetry

A

Abnormal Hgb

56
Q

Placing the probe on the _ or _ fingers has been
shown to produce more accurate readings than the _ finger

A

3rd or 4th, index

57
Q

If pt has a deformation, what finger will u use?

A

you can use the thumb or little finger

58
Q

what can block the sensor light path in pulse oximeter?

A

Dirt,
fingernail polish,
blood

59
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Normal blood O2 levels;
RBC are well-oxygenated and sufficiently transporting O2
around the body

A

95-100%

60
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Mild hypoxemia; below average;
may proceed with PT management with caution; monitor
closely the patient

A

91-94%

61
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Moderate hypoxia / Low blood O2 levels;
initiate supplemental O2 as prescribed

A

85 to 90%/88%

62
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Severe hypoxia / Low blood
O2 levels that affects the brain; administer supplemental
O2 immediately

A

80-85%

63
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Severe hypoxia; may require hospitalization

A

<80%

64
Q

OXYGEN SATURATION: Observable cyanosis; acute danger to life

A

70%

65
Q

While doing FA, oxygen saturation became 88%, if
there’s an initial prescription from MD, what will u put in the pt?

A

supplemental o2

66
Q

Severe hypoxemia / low blood O2 levels is a medical emergency t or f

A

t

67
Q

OCULAR INSPECTION (11)

A

manner of arrival
alertness
body type
head and neck observation
wound or scar assessment
check the extremities
attachments: invasive monitoring or medication/fluid administration
attachments: non-invasive life support
attachments: invasive ventilatory devices
attachments: invasive feeding devices
chest deformities/asymmetries

68
Q

can still get out of the bed but stays there due to doctor’s order

A

bed-fast

69
Q

can’t get out of the bed due to severity of condition
(ie comatose, some post-surgical precautions)

A

bedridden

70
Q

can get out of the bed but is limited by attachments
(ie IV lines, chest tube drainage bottles, etc)

A

bed-bound

71
Q

General status of cognition

A

○ Cerebral assessments are applicable
○ May use Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

72
Q

chronic bronchitis (blue bloater) body type

A

endomorph

73
Q

emphysema (pink puffer) body type

A

ectomorph

74
Q

BMI computation:

A

(kg/m2) or weight/height^2

75
Q

Provides measurement of actual weight density of an individual

A

BMI

76
Q

unusual heavy perspiration; different from
pts who are “pawisin” (might assume incorrectly); ask
them if they sweat a lot

A

Diaphoresis

77
Q

chest pain; difficulty breathing, what can be the look on pt’s face

A

apprehension

78
Q

for infants (usually manifest with crying),
tells us if they have breathing problems; respiratory
distress

A

nasal flaring

79
Q

sign of hypoxia

A

pupillary dilatation

80
Q

longer by 3 mins of pupilllary dilatation can cause _

A

brain damage

81
Q

Skin Color

A

cyanosis/paleness
facial plethora
cherry red lips or skin

82
Q

localized and blue periphery (peripheral or central?)

A

peripheral

83
Q

Affected brachial artery, only on that area will
be blue

A

peripheral: localized and blue periphery

84
Q

reaches CNS

A

central

85
Q

Brain tells system that they have less oxygen =
bluish discoloration of lips, figernals, toenails

A

central

86
Q

for central, Compare with oxygen saturation measurements t or f

A

t

87
Q

redness on face with swelling is called

A

facial plethora

88
Q

Occurs when there is excessive blood supply going up
there or excessive disruption of blood flow

A

facial plethora

89
Q

facial plethora is seen in _ and _

A

superior vena cava syndrome;
polycythemia vera

90
Q

Beyond normal reddish color in lips

A

Cherry red lips

91
Q

cherry red lips indicate _

A

carbon monoxide poisoning

92
Q

The jugular vein is evident and may even throb

A

Jugular Vein Distention

93
Q

Bulging d/t excessive pressure

A

Jugular Vein Distention

94
Q

Blood doesn’t go back to the heart, so the vein
distends in _

A

Jugular Vein Distention

95
Q

jugular vein distenion can be a manifestation of _ or _

A

increased blood pressure, heart failure

96
Q

Hypertrophied muscles may also result to
_

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)-related symptoms

97
Q

what are some of the respiratory accessory muscles
that are hypertrohpied?

A

SCM, scalenes

98
Q

Sometimes the patients with pulmonary issues
will have _ pain to UE and paleness; tingling; paresthesia;
diminished blood flow to the area (diminished pulses)

A

radiating

99
Q

what to assess in a wound esp on post op?

A

color
size
ulceration

100
Q

types of scars

A

hypertrophic
keloid

mski (28 decks)

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