Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

mski > PHARMA_S1_L2 - 4-7 > Flashcards

PHARMA_S1_L2 - 4-7 Flashcards

1
Q

INHALATIONAL advantages

A

Rapid onset
Direct effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DISADVANTAGES OF INHALATIONAL

A

Limited
compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

● When to give inhalational?

A

○ When you want to target the lungs
○ Or through the lungs, you want to get it in the
systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

examples of inhational:

A

general inhalational anesthesia
nebulizers: bronchodilators & steroid inhalers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

for asthma pts, what will u use

A

Nebulizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of nebulizer:

A

bronchodilators for asthma & steroid inhalers for asthma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how to do the nebulization technique:

A

Inhale maximally→ hold breath for as long as you can → exhale a little bit –> then inhale again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

” go to full exhalation then inhale back”

this is the insturction you give when teaching how to nebulize. t or f

A

f, Don’t go to full exhalation; then inhale back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Inhalers contain drugs in a _

A

pressurized canister.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When you puff in an inhaler, it has a specific/controlled/regulated/exact dose. t or f

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In nebulizer, the drug is __. They run it through the nebulizing machine,
which breaks down the liquid into tiny droplets so that the pt can inhale.

A

liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

form of drug that has a local effect

A

topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Limited to outer skin surface

A

topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Eye Drops are what form of drugs

A

topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

topical drugs have systemic
effects. t or f

A

f, We do not expect them to insert systemic
effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

transdermal
● Allows systemic absorption
● Limited
t or f

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

EXAMPLES OF TRANSDERMAL

A

Nitroglycerin patch
nicotine patch
fentanyl patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

for heart attack or MI, what patch

A

Nitroglycerin patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Patch may be given and is able to deliver _ of the nitroglycerin (for MI)

A

0.4 mg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nitroglycerin causes _

A

coronary vasodilation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

nitroglycerin can be in 3 forms:

A

1) sublingual; 2) transdermal; 3) mucosal sprays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

For those who are rehabilitated from smoking, what patch?

A

nicotine patch under transdermal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

patch for pain:

A

Fentanyl patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fentanyl patch is an opioid t or f

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

t or f An opioid tablet only has limited duration of action,
but the patch can provide continuous delivery of the drug.

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

form of drug that has the Quickest onset

A

INJECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

injection is Difficult to self administer t or f

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

injection must be in ___ solution

A

aqueous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

VARIATIONS OF INJECTIONS

A

INTRAVENOUS
INTRAARTERIAL
SUBCUTANEOUS
INTRAMUSCULAR
OTHERS
1) subarachnoid, 2) epidural, 3) tendon sheath or bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

tendon sheath or bursa: (2) what drugs can be administered

A

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)
Steroids Local Anesthetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Most direct systemic effect in injections

A

INTRAVENOUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Bypasses absorption effects –> intraarterial t or f

A

f, intravenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

most hazardous variation of injection:

A

INTRAVENOUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

t or f intravenous Goes directly to systemic circulation.

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

No first pass effect in intravenous t or f

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Delivering drugs into the artery, what njection

A

INTRAARTERIAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

intraaretrial Achieves a _ to a tissue

A

high local concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

example of intraarterial drugs

A

Cancer chemotherapeutic drugs for the
kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what artery can you deliver the cancer cehmotherapeutic drugs for kidneys?

A

renal artery

40
Q

Subcutaneous is under the _. This is fat.

A

skin

41
Q

subcutaneous injections has fast absorption. t or f

A

f, slow

42
Q

subcutaneous injection being a slow absorption is bad with regards to the onser t or f

A

t

43
Q

for the duration of action, subcutaneous injection is good since it stays long in the body
t or f

A

t

44
Q

Large volumes not feasible in what variation of injection

A

SUBCUTANEOUS

45
Q

example of subcutaneous

A

Vaccines, insulin (for diabetes)

46
Q

the needle in insulin is very long t or f

A

f, short lang

47
Q

insulin is what varitation of injection

A

SUBCUTANEOUS

48
Q

Fairly rapid onset for what variation of inejction

A

intramuscular

49
Q

IM injections are painful becasue _

A

○ Because muscle is highly innervated
○ The needle is longer.

50
Q

intramsucular injections can cause tissue damage t or f

A

t

51
Q

subarachnoid space found in _ _

A

brain spinal cord

52
Q

is between the inner layer (pia mater) and middle layer (arachnoid mater)
of the tissues covering the brain

A

subarachnoid space

53
Q

meninges

A

dura
arachnoid
pia

54
Q

Subarachnoid space has _.

A

Subarachnoid space has CSF.

55
Q

Drugs are delivered through the __ in subarachnoid injection .

A

CSF

56
Q

Examples of drugs administered subarachnoidly

A

spinal
anesthesia and cancer chemotherapy drugs.

57
Q

Epidural: above the dura. t or f

A

t

58
Q

Epidural space is between _ _

A

dura mater and spine

59
Q

Examples of drug epidural

A

epidural anesthesia
labor analgesia
morphine

60
Q

during painful uterine contractions for painless delivery: what drug

A

labor analgesia

61
Q

a type of opioid for post-operative pain relief or for cancer pts

A

morphine

62
Q

PRP is for pts c :

A

tendon tears
small muscle tears
chronic severe osteoarthritis

63
Q

to use PRP, HOW

A

get pt’s own blood → separate the red from the plasma through centrifuge → get the platelets → inject platelets into area in pain

64
Q

injected to inflamed SH joint

A

Steroids Local Anesthetics

65
Q

PRP is for pain relief and anti-inflammatory t or f

A

f, Steroids Local Anesthetics

66
Q

steroid local anesthetics common at _ _ _

A

common at knees, shoulder, & achilles tendon

67
Q

DRUG ABSORPTION (3)

A

A. Bioavailability
B. Membrane Structure & Function
C. Movement across membrane barrier

68
Q

Fraction of the unchanged drug reaching the
systemic circulation following administration by any route

A

BIOAVAILABILITY

69
Q

Bioavailability is affected by the ff:

A

GI absorption
Plasma protein binding
Adipose tissue storage
Biotransformation
Elimination

70
Q

if a drug is highly bound to a plasma protein, such as albumin and globulin,
there is high bioavailability t or f

A

f, poor availability

71
Q

If they are stored in the fat, there is high bioavailability t or f

A

f, less bioavailability

72
Q

if a drug is highly bound to a plasma protein, such as
_ and _, there is poor bioavailability

A

albumin and globulin

73
Q

Once the drug is transformed, then less bioavailability t or f

A

t

74
Q

If the drug has rapid elimination rate, then less bioavailability. t or f

A

t

75
Q

If drugs are taken every 4 hours, there is long bioavailability t or f

A

f, short

76
Q

MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (2)

A

fluid mosaic model
Selective Barrier (Blood Brain Barrier)

77
Q

Cell membrane is described like a whatmodel

A

fluid mosaic

78
Q

cell membrane is a _ layer

A

bilipid

79
Q

for a drug to pass through this layer, it needs to be in its _ form

A

lipid

80
Q

Added protection for the brain so not all drugs
to toxic chemical can cross freely

A

Blood Brain Barrier

81
Q

MOVEMENT ACROSS MEMBRANE BARRIER (4)

A

Passive diffusion
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion
Special processes (endocytosis & exocytosis)

82
Q

passive diffusion concentration from _ to _

A

high to low

83
Q

Rate of diffusion depends on:

A

Permeability coefficient
Concentration gradient:
Area
Thickness

84
Q

permeable membrane = _ diffusion, faster or slower?

A

faster

85
Q

low to high concentration means better diffusion

A

f, high to low

86
Q

larger area means better diffusion t or f

A

t

87
Q

thicker cell membrane means
better diffusion

A

f, poorer if thicker

88
Q

Can transfer from low to high concentration

A

active transport

89
Q

active transport requires:

A

ATP

90
Q

diffusuion that is energy dependent

A

active transport

91
Q

Uses carrier proteins to facilitate diffusion from high to low concentration

A

facilitated diffusion

92
Q

facilitated diffusion uses what kind of proteins

A

carrier

93
Q

Cell membranes themselves can adapt according to need. t or f

A

t

94
Q

If they want a drug to inside, they engulf the drug:
what special process is this

A

Endocytosis

95
Q

If they want to bring toxins outside the cell, they release it
what special process is this

A

Exocytosis

mski (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions