7.8 Mass Atrocities Flashcards

1
Q

What was Armistice Day?

A

November 11, 1918 is the day when Germany surrendered to the Allies in World War I.

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2
Q

What was the Ottoman Empire’s justification of the Armenian Genocide?

A

Armenian Christians were supposedly cooperating with the Russian Army, an enemy of the Ottoman Empire during WWI.

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3
Q

Why was the Armenian Genocide called the 20th century’s first genocide?

A

It was a mass killing of people based on their race, religion or ethnicity.

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4
Q

What continued to cause deaths across the world after WWI ended?

A

An influenza epidemic.

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5
Q

The term Lost Generation was used to describe what?

A

People suffering from the shock of World War I.

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6
Q

How many peasants died as the result of famine as the result of Stalin’s collectivization of agriculture?

A

7 to 10 million peasants starved to death.

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7
Q

What did Heinrich Himmler oversee in the Nazi government?

A

The SS or Nazi secret police.

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8
Q

What were ghettos?

A

Portions of German cities where Jews were forced to live.

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9
Q

What was the “Final Solution”?

A

A campaign let by the Nazi SS to exterminate all Jews in Europe.

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10
Q

How many Jews were killed in the Holocaust?

A

About six million

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11
Q

What was the “Asia for Asiatics” program?

A

Japans policy of forcing peoples it had conquered into forced labor programs. This included military service, public works projectrs, and prostitution forced on Chinese, Korean and other Asian women.

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12
Q

What particularly deadly form of bombing was carried out by the Allies in Hamburg, Dresden and Tokyo?

A

firebombing

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13
Q

After the atrocities of World War II, the global community said attempted genocides could never happen again. Were they right?

A

NO.

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14
Q

Yugoslavia was created by the Allies after World War I. When the Soviet Union collapsed, Yugoslavia collapsed with it. What happened next?

A

The area became “Balkanized” - forming indpendent countries that defined citizenship based on ethnic background and religion.

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15
Q

Serbia, one of the new Balkan countries formed after the collapse of Yugoslavia, was led by Slobodan Milosevicc, a dictator with an obsession about “ethnic purity”. Who did Milosevicc and Serbian Nationalist want dead or driven out of their homes?

A

Muslims from Bosnia and Kosovo and essentially anyone who was not ethnically Serbian.

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16
Q

What is ethnic cleansing?

A

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making a region ethnically homogeneous.

17
Q

Did Bosniaks, Kosovars and Croats give up peacefully when attacked by Serbian nationals?

A

No. They retaliated with their own acts of violence.

18
Q

When Rwanda won independence from Belgium in 1962, what happened to ethnic tensions within the country?

A

The majority Hutus took revenge against the minority Tutsis for years of favor by the Belgians.

19
Q

In 1993, when negotiations for shared power between the Hutus and Tutsis were cut short by Rwanda’s president dying in a plane crash, what happened?

A

Nearly a million Tutsis and some moderate Hutus were killed, maybe more. Genocide of Tutsis was attempted and horrific acts of violence were commited toward this effort.

20
Q

What did the U.N. do about the attempted genocide in Rwanda?

A

Nothing. U.N. Peacekeepers were instructed to NOT use force to restore order. The United States and other countries evacuated their personnel.

21
Q

In Darfur, a region of Western Sudan, what happened to non-Arab Muslim Africans in 2003?

A

The Arab Muslim government unleash the Janjaweed to destroy their villages. More than 200,000 people were killed and another one million were displaced from their homes.l

22
Q

When the International Criminal Court charged Sudan’s president Omar al-Bashir of warm crimes, what happened?

A

He kept directing the Janjaweed to kill non-Arab residents of Darfur or drive them out of their homes.

23
Q

What does the failure of international efforts in the Balkans, Rwanda, and Darfur to intervene and stop attempted genocide tell us about the likelihood of these things happening again?

A

It’s not unlikely.

24
Q
A