5.3 Industrial Revolution Begins

Question 1

Industrialization

Answer 1

The increased mechanization of production.

Question 2

Crop rotation

Answer 2

Rotating different crops in and out of a field every growing season.

Question 3

Spinning jenny

Answer 3

A device allowing a weaver to spin more than one thread at a time.

Question 4

Water frame

Answer 4

A water frame used water power to drive a spinning wheel.

Question 5

Interchangeable parts

Answer 5

Interchangeable parts allowed components of machines to be replaced when broken down, instead of the entire machine itself.

Question 6

Division and specialization of labor

Answer 6

Each worker in a factor focuses on one specific task.

Question 7

Assembly line

Answer 7

In the early 20th century, Henry Ford took division of labor to the next level by created a line in motion where each human did his specific labor to create a completed vehicle.

Question 8

Britain had six big advantages for industrial development. List them.

Answer 8

1. mineral resources (LOTS of coal)
2. colonial resources (LOTS of raw materials and LOTS of capital from slave trade)
3. abundant rivers and seaways
4. strong fleet of ships
5. strong legal protection of private property
6. grwoing population and cities

Question 9

Enclosure movement

Answer 9

The “commons” that all farmers could use were fenced off and reserved for people who paid for the land. This made many small farmers destitute and forced them to move to the city to work or starve.

Question 10

Cottage industry (putting-out) system

Answer 10

Merchants provided raw cotton to women who spun it into finished cloth in their own homes.