Unit 3 - 3.1 through 3.4

Question 1

Who defeated the Ottoman Empire in 1571 in a great naval conflict known as the Battle of Lepanto?

Answer 1

The Navies of Spain and Venice

Question 2

What two problems did the Safavid Empire have?

Answer 2

Lack of navy and lack of natural defenses

Question 3

The Ottoman Empire had what main religion?

Answer 3

Islam

Question 4

How long did the Ottoman Empire last?

Answer 4

A long time (1300s to 1922)

Question 5

Mughal Empire

Answer 5

Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Question 6

Safavid Empire

Answer 6

Turkish-ruled Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi’ite state.

Question 7

Shah is a Persian word for

Answer 7

king

Question 8

Printing Press in Europe

Answer 8

15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information which in turn affected the speed of the spread of information itself.

Question 9

Who was Akbar the Great?

Answer 9

He is considered to be their greatest ruler of the Mughal Empire in India. Responsible for the expansion, stability his administration gave to it, and the increasing of trade and cultural diffusion.

Question 10

Who was Quianlong?

Answer 10

a ruler of the Manchu (Qing) dynasty who helped to create a prosperous, powerful, and culturally rich empire. He brought much prosperity that he cancelled taxes 4 times

Question 11

Who was Askia the Great?

Answer 11

A Muslim leader who led the Songhai Empire to the height of its power.

Question 12

Who was Tokugawa Ieyasu?

Answer 12

The founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate which lasted from 1603 to 1867 and reunified Japan.

Question 13

Daimyo

Answer 13

A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai

Question 14

Janissaries

Answer 14

Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826.

Question 15

Devshirme

Answer 15

Ottoman policy of enslaving boys from Christian regions to be trained as Muslim soldiers or bureaucrats

Question 16

Louis XIV

Answer 16

(1638-1715) Known as the Sun King, absolute monarch completely controlled France. One of his accomplishments was the palace at Versailles.

Question 17

Divine Right

Answer 17

A belief that rulers receive their authority directly from God.

Question 18

Sikhism

Answer 18

a monotheistic religion founded in Punjab in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. The book says this faith is a syncretic religion created by a mix of Buddhist and Hindu beliefs but this is not what Sikhs believe.

Question 19

Shari’ah

Answer 19

Religious code drawn up after Muhammad’s death; provided believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives.

Question 20

Jesuits

Answer 20

Group of priests focused on missionary work & and service to the poor. Founded as part of the counter-reformation.

Question 21

Indulgence

Answer 21

a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin. These could be purchased.

Question 22

30 Years War

Answer 22

War resulting from a conflict between the Protestant Union and the Catholic League in the Holy Roman Empire. (1618-1648)

Question 23

In the Americas, most of the people in the Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonies converted to which religion?

Answer 23

Roman Catholocism

Question 24

Boyars

Answer 24

Russian nobles who were at the top of the Russian Social Hierarchy

Question 25

The year of Martin Luther’s 95 Theses

Answer 25

1517

Question 26

Martin Luther

Answer 26

a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic church. He wrote 95 statements of belief attacking the church practices.

Question 27

The Protestant Reformation was a movement to reform what?

Answer 27

the Catholic Church. People split off and formed new churches during the 1500s.

Question 28

In 1593, King Henry IV in France converted to Catholicism in an attempt to

Answer 28

unify France

Question 29

What religion did many Gunpowder Empires share?

Answer 29

Islam

Question 30

Simony

Answer 30

The selling of church offices

Question 31

John Calvin broke with the Catholic Church in 1530. He believed in predestination. What is this?

Answer 31

The elect were predestined to go to heaven. Essentially, a person was born with a determined destination after death.

Question 32

When Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife because she only gave birth to daughters, what did the pope say?

Answer 32

No.

Question 33

What religion did Henry VIII found?

Answer 33

The Anglican Church or Church of England

Question 34

Holy Synod

Answer 34

Founded by Peter the Great to replace the patriach, the Russian Orthodox’s equivalent of the Pope.

Question 35

Empiricism

Answer 35

An early scientific method pioneered by Francis Bacon - insisting that hypotheses need demonstrable evidence to support them.

Question 36

What was the Peace of Westphalia?

Answer 36

Every area of the former Holy Roman Empire could choose one of three religious options - Catholocism, Lutheranism, or Calvinism.

Question 37

What ended the Thirty Years War?

Answer 37

The Peace of Westphalia

Question 38

What was the Edict of Nantes?

Answer 38

An edict from France’s King Henry IV allowing Huguenots (protestants) to practice their faith.

Question 39

What was the Council of Trent?

Answer 39

A conference of Roman Catholic leaders from 1545 to 1563 that was intended to correct the worst of the Church’s abuses

Question 40

Who collected taxes for the Mughals?

Answer 40

Zamindars

Question 41

Who collected taxes for the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 41

Tax Farmers

Question 42

The Ming Empire used paper money like its predecessors, but why did it convert to rice and then silver coins?

Answer 42

Counterfeiting