9.5 Calls for Reform and Responses Flashcards
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
A 1948 document adopted by the U.N. that asserts basic rights and fundamental freedoms for all humans on Earth.
UNICEF
The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund. Founded to provide food for starving children after WWII, it still advocates for children’s survival needs around the world.
Refugees
People who are forced to leave their homes for reasons of war, famine, natural disasters and other safety concerns.
The Negritude Movement
A movement in French West Africa promoting pride in blackness, rejection of French colonial authority, and the right to self-determination
Leopold Sedar Senghor
A Senegalize poet and president who wrote about the beauty and uniqueness of African culture.
Liberation theology
A combination of socialism and catholocism interpreting the teachings of Jesus to include freeing people from economic abuses and redistribution of wealth
Pope Francis
A pope selected from Argentina who reversed the Catholic Church’s opposition to liberation theology
1965 Civil Rights Act
A U.S. federal law passed in 1965 that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
1965 Voting Rights Act
A U.S. federal law passed in 1965 that bans descrimination in voting.
In South Africa, pass laws had three very discriminatory requirements. What were they?
- Black South Africans to carry identity documents when entering areas set aside for whites.
- Interacial marriage was prohibited.
- ONLY white people were allowed to live in certain areas of South Africa.
Desmond Tutu
Social Activists and Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town in South Africa in 1980’s.
Nelson Mandela
Leader of the African National Confrerence - an anti-apartheid movement in South Africa.
Pariah State
A country treated like a pariah by the international community. In the 1980’s, South Africa became a pariah state.
F.W. de Clerk
South African president who recongized the country’s need for change. In 1989, he ordered the release of Nelson Mandela from prison.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
In South Africa, the TRC sought to create an atmosphere of trusth in a new, multiracial South Africa. In 19 hearings, participants were allowed to testify about their involvement in human rights violations while being granted amnesty.
